Basic Control Structures

Control structures are fundamental to structured programming languages, including C, C++, Java, newer versions of Fortran, Basic, etc.  You should know what the different types of control structures are and how they are implemented in the programming languages you use.

• Control Structures
• If Structures
• While Stucture
• Counter-Controlled Repetition
• Sentinel-Controlled Repetition
• Nested Control Structures
• Assignment Operators
• Increment and Decrement Operators

• What are the 3 types of fundamental control structures in structured programming?
  
• If (Selection) Structure
  
  1.  What is the format of a simple "if" structure?
  2.  What is the format of the "if/else" structure?
  3.  What is the "else-if" structure?
  
  
• While (Repetition) Structure
  
  1.  What is the format of a while loop?
  2.  How is the while loop used to implement a counter-controlled loop?
  3.  How is the while loop used to implement sentinel-controlled repetition?
  4.  What are nested control structures?
  
  
• Assignment operators and Increment/Decrement operators
  
  1.  What assignment operators are provided?
  2.  What increment and decrement operators are provided?
  
  
• Write a program that reads in the number of symbols in the side of a square, then prints a solid square of that size using asterisks.  Your program should work for squares of all sizes between 1 and 20.
  
  Modify the square program to print a hollow square instead of a solid square.