SOCIAL REVOLUTIONS I. Working People A. How & what do we know? B. Winners & Losers 1. entrepreneurs 2. handicraft workers C. Laborers 1. families 2. children a) cotton factories & coal mines b) Factory Act of 1833 3. men paid a family wage D. A voice in politics 1. Suffrage a) middle class men (1832) b) urban working men (1867) 2. Labor Unions a) aristocracy of labor b) unskilled workers c) Fabian Society & Labour Party II. Urbanization A. Poor Conditions 1. few parks & open spaces 2. poor construction 3. unsanitary conditions B. Improving conditions 1. public health movement a) Poor Laws of 1834 b) Edwin Chadwicks report (1842) c) Public Health Act of 1848 2. bacterial revolution a) miasmatic theory b) Louis Pasteurs germ theory (1854) --> disinfectants, sterilization & vaccines 3. public transportation --> suburban communities 4. urban planning -- > the garden city III. Gender Relations A. Language of revolution 1. Declaration of the Rights of Woman and the Citizen (1790) 2. A Vindication of the Rights of Woman (1792) B. Womens movement 1. goals: education, equality, suffrage 2. advocates a) Mary Wollstonecraft (1759-97) b) John Stuart Mill (1806-73) c) Emmeline Pankhurst (1858-1928) C. Womens work 1. cottage worker 2. factory worker 3. domesticity 4. teachers & nurses 5. maids & prostitutes D. Womens bodies 1. four separate movements --> reform a) rationalism b) humanitarianism c) feminism d) colonialism 2. sati in India 3. footbinding in China 4. waist-binding in Europe Think/Write Which do you think is more important in shaping the way we live? Is it economic factors or government policies?