Embarrassment Bibliography |
Al-Ansari, B. M. (1996). Situational embarrassment scale manual. Kuwait: University Book Home. Al-Ansari, B. M. (1997). The assessment of situational embarrassment among university students and its correlates with personality variables in Kuwait. Annals of the Faculty of Arts, Kuwait University, 17, 1-148. Al-Ansari, B. M. (2002). Situational embarrassment scale. In B. M. Al-Ansari (Ed.), Sourcebook of objective personality scales: Standardization for Kuwaiti society (pp. 70-89). Kuwait: New Book Home. Albano, A. M. (2000). Treatment of social phobia in adolescents: Cognitive behavioral programs focused on intervention and prevention. Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy: Preventing anxiety and depression in youth, 14, 67-76. Amering, M., Katschnig, H., Berger, P., Windhaber, J., Baischer, W., & Dantendorfer, K. (1997). Embarrassment about the first panic attack predicts agoraphobia in panic disorder patients. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 35, 517. Amsterdam, B. K., & Levitt, M. (1980). Consciousness of self and painful self-consciousness. Psychoanalytic Study of the Child, 35, 67-83. Anderson, N. R., & Kauffman, B. E. (1991, August). Stop kidding, I'm too embarrassed: Typical experiences of embarrassment and teasing. Paper presented at the meeting of the American Psychological Association, San Francisco, CA. Anderson, N. R., & Kauffman, B. E. (1992, April). Partners as sources of embarrassment: II. A comparison between the memories of adults and the experiences of adolescents. Paper presented at the meeting of the Eastern Psychological Association, Boston, MA. Apsler, R. (1975). Effects of embarrassment on behavior toward others. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 32, 145-153. Archibald, W. P., & Cohen, R. L. (1971). Self-presentation, embarrassment, and facework as a function of self-evaluation, conditions of self-presentation, and feedback from others. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 20, 287-297. Argyle, M. (1989). The psychology of embarrassment: Edelmann, R. J. [Review of the book The psychology of embarrassment]. Personality and Individual Differences, 10, 593-593. Arimitsu, K. (2006). Guilt, shame/embarrassment, and empathy. Japanese Journal of Psychology, 77, 97-104. Arkin, R. M., & Shepperd, J. A. (1990). Strategic self-presentation: An overview. In M. J. Cody & M. L. McLaughlin (Eds.), The psychology of tactical communication (pp. 175-193). Clevedon, England: Multilingual Matters Ltd. Armon-Jones, C. (1986). The social function of emotion. In R. Harré (Ed.), The social construction of emotions (pp. 57-82). Oxford: Basil Blackwell. Armstrong, W. D. (1974). The social functions of embarrassment. Dissertation Abstracts International, 35, 2479B. Arnold, C. L., & Cline, R. J. (1993, May). "Why is this causing you to blush?": Reducing embarrassment in the context of HIV/aids prevention. Paper presented at the International Communication Association convention, Washington, DC. Arnold, C. L., & Honska, J. R. (1992, November). Reducing interpersonal embarrassment in sexual situations: Testing an eight strategy approach. Paper presented at the Speech Communication Association convention, Chicago, IL. Aron, E. N. (1997). Self-conscious emotions: The psychology of shame, guilt, embarrassment, and pride [Review of a book Self-conscious emotions: The psychology of shame, guilt, embarrassment, and pride]. Contemporary Psychology, 42, 589-592. Aronson, E., Willerman, B., & Floyd, J. (1966). The effect of a pratfall on increasing interpersonal attractiveness. Psychonomic Science, 4, 227-228. Asendorpf, J. (1984). Shyness, embarrassment, and self-presentation: A control theory approach. In R. Schwarzer (Ed.), The self in anxiety, stress, and depression (pp. 109-114). Amsterdam: North Holland. Asendorpf, J. (1985). Embarrassed smiles. Bulletin of the British Psychological Society, 38, A53. Asendorpf, J. (1990). The expression of shyness and embarrassment. In W. R. Crozier (Ed.), Shyness and embarrassment: Perspectives from social psychology (pp. 87-118). Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press. Ashworth, L. T. A., Darke, P. R. (2002). No one wants to look cheap: An examination of embarrassment and impression management concerns as reasons for not using coupons. Advances in Consumer Research, 29, 227-227. Assad, K. M. F., Ledesma, E. A. T., & Roxas, E. P. A. (1996). Ang empirical na paglilinaw ng konsepto ng hiya at mukha: isang paglilinaw ng pagkataong Pilipino (The empirical explanation of the concept of embarrassment and face: An explanation of the Filipino individual). Unpublished bachelor's thesis, De La Salle University, Manila, Philippines. Atmaca, M., Tezcan, E., & Kuloglu, M. (2003). An open clinical trial of reboxetine in the treatment of social phobia. Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology, 23, 417-419. Ault, L. K., Cunningham, M. R., & Bettler, Jr., R. F. (1999, June). The role of others in individuals' embarrassing predicaments: Preventative face-saving as a social support behavior. Paper presented at the International Network on Personal Relationships conference, Louisville, KY. |
Babcock, M. K. (1988). Embarrassment: A window on the self. Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour, 18, 459,483. Babcock, M. K., & Sabini, J. (1990). On differentiating embarrassment from shame. European Journal of Social Psychology, 20, 151-169. Bandera, B. R., & Cupach, W. R. (1986). Perceived competence of face saving strategies in embarrassing situations. Paper presented at the International Communication Association convention, Chicago, IL. Banerjee, J., & Carrell, P. L. (1988). Tuck in your shirt, you squid: Suggestions in ESL. Language Learning, 38, 313-364. Banerjee, R. (2002). Children’s understanding of self-presentational behaviour: Links with mental-state reasoning and the attribution of embarrassment. Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 48, 378-404. Barbalet, J. M. (1991). Shyness and embarrassment: Perspectives from social psychology -- Cosier, WR [Review of the book Shyness and embarrassment - Perspectives from social-psychology]. Contemporary Sociology, 20, 945-947. Bardsley, A. (2001). Incontinence embarrassment often prevents people seeking help when a cure may be available. Practice Nursing, 12, 274-277. Barnes, J. E. (1997). Distinguishing among shame, guilt, and embarrassment. Dissertation Abstracts International, 58(4), 2168B. Barrett, K. C. (2005). The origins of social emotions and self-regulation in toddlerhood: New evidence. Cognition and Emotion, 19, 953-979. Bastine, R. (1988). Psychotherapeutische prozesse--von der Verlegenheit, psychotherapeutische Veraenderungen zu erklaeren (Psychotherapeutic processes: Regarding psychotherapists' embarrassment in trying to explain them). Zeitschrift fuer Klinische Psychologie, Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, 36, 296-307. Beer, J. S., Heerey, E. H., Keltner, D., Scabini, D. & Knight, R. T. (2003). The regulatory function of self-conscious emotion: Insights from patients with orbitofrontal damage. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 85, 594–604. Beer, J. S., & Keltner, D. (2004). What is unique about self-conscious emotions? Psychological Inquiry, 15,126-129. Beloff, H. (1988). The psychology of embarrassment -- Edelmann, R J [Review of the book The psychology of embarrassment]. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 26, 194-195. Belsey, J. (2001). Dealing with embarrassment: Pharmacists have to put embarrassed customers at case and cope with their own embarrassment at the same time. Chemist and Druggist, 6306, 27-33. Bennett, M. (1989). Children's self-attribution of embarrassment. British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 7, 207-217. Bennett, M., & Cormack, C. (1996) Age and embarrassment at others' gaffes. Journal of Social Psychology, 136, 113-115. Bennett, M., & Dewbery, C. (1989). Embarrassment at others' failures: A test of the Semin and Manstead model. Journal of Social Psychology, 129, 557-559. Bennett,M., & Gillingham, K. (1991) The role of self-focused attention in children's attributions of social emotions to the self. Journal of Genetic Psychology, 123, 303-309. Bennett, M., Yuill, N., & Banerjee, R. (1997, July). 'She's not with ME!' Children's understanding of being embarrassed by others' actions. Paper presented at the annual International Conference on Self consciousness and Shyness, University of Wales at Cardiff, Wales. Bennett, M., Yuill, N., Banerjee, R., & Thomson, S. (1998). Children's understanding of extended identity. Developmental Psychology, 34, 322-331. Bennett, S., & Dodge, T. (2007). Ethnic-racial differences in feelings of embarrassment associated with binge eating and fear of losing control. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 40, 454-459. Berthoz, S., Armony, J. L., Blair, R. J R., & Dolan, R. J. (2002). An fMRI study of intentional and unintentional (embarrassing) violations of social norms. Brain, 125,1696-1708. Berkman, C. S., Badger, L.W., Diaz, N., Guarnaccia, P. J., & Kennedy, G. J. (2001). Serious but too embarrassing to disclose: Psychiatric symptoms as interpreted by Hispanic seniors. Gerontologist, 41, 156-157. Besemeres, M. (2001). Immigrant irony and embarrassment: Andrew Reimer's "The Habsburg Cafe". Journal of Australian Studies: Fresh Cuts: New Talents 2001, 67, ??. Billig, M. (2001). Humour and embarrassment: Limits of `nice-guy' theories of social life. Theory Culture and Society, 18, 23-44. Bird, C. M., Castelli, F., Malik, O., Frith, U., & Husain, M. (2004). The impact of extensive medial frontal lobe damage on ‘Theory of Mind’ and cognition. Brain, 127, 914-928. Blackwell, B. S., Grasmick, H. G., & Cochroan, J. K. (1994). Racial differences in perceived sanction threat: Static and dynamic hypothesis. Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, 31, 210-224. Boegels, S. M., Alberts, M., & de Jong, P. J. (1996). Self-consciousness, self-focused attention, blushing propensity and fear of blushing. Personality & Individual Differences, 21, 573-581. Boegels, S. M., & Reith, W. (1999). Validity of two questionnaires to assess social fears: The Dutch Social Phobia and Anxiety Inventory and the Blushing, Trembling and Sweating Questionnaire. Journal of Psychopathology & Behavioral Assessment, 21, 51-66. Boeringa, J. A. (1983). Blushing: A modified behavioral intervention using paradoxial intention. Psychotherapy: Theory, Research and Practice, 20, 441-444. Bond, C. F. Jr., Atoum, A. O., & Van Leeuwen, M. D. (1996). Social impairment of complex learning in the wake of public embarrassment. Basic & Applied Social Psychology, 18, 31-44 Bond, M. H., & Lai, T. (1986). Embarrassment and code-switching into a second language. Journal of Social Psychology, 126, 179-186. Borg, I., Scherer, K. R,. & Staufenbiel, T. (1986). Determinaten von peinlichkeit und scham: Ein facet tentheoretischer ansatz (Determinants of embarrassment and shame: A facet theory approach). Archiv fur Psychologie, 138, 53-70. Borg, I., S., & Scherer, K. R. (1988). On the symbolic basis of shame. In K. R. Scherer (Ed.), Facets of emotion: Recent research (pp. 79-98). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum. Borkin, A., & Reinhart, S. M. (1978). Excuse me and I'm sorry. Tesol Quarterly, 12, 57-69. Bowers, J. W., Metts, S. M., & Duncanson, W. T. (1985). Emotion and interpersonal communication. In M. L. Knapp & G. R. Miller (Eds.), Handbook of interpersonal communication (pp. 500-550). Beverly Hills: Sage. Bradford, L. (1990, November). Intercultural differences in embarrassment: A case of plan failure. Paper presented at the meeting of the Speech Communication Association, Chicago, IL. Bradford, L. (1993). A cross-cultural study of strategic embarrassment in adolescent socialization. Dissertation Abstracts International, 54(7), 2385A. Bradford, L. (1994, February). Hispanic and non-Hispanic adolescents use of strategic embarrassment. Paper presented at the meeting of the Western Speech Communication Association, San Jose, CA. Bradford, L. (2002, March). Strategic embarrassment creates, constrains, and liberates: Functions of strategic embarrassment in friendships. Paper presented at the meeting of the Western Speech Communication Association, Long Beach, CA. Bradford, L., & Petronio, S. (1996, April). If I knew you well, would I embarrass you better? Paper presented at the meeting of the Central States Communication Association, Minneapolis, MN. Bradford, L., & Petronio, S. (1998). Strategic embarrassment: The culprit of emotion. In P. A. Anderson & L. K. Guerrero (Eds.), Communication and emotion: Research, theory, applications, and context (pp. 99-121). New York: Academic Press. Bragg, S., & Buckingham, D. (2004). Embarrassment, education and erotics: The sexual politics of family viewing. European Journal of Cultural Studies, 7, 441-459. Braithwaite, D. O. (1991, February). "Getting his feet wet" II: Cultural communication at "coed" wedding and baby showers. Paper presented at the International Network on Personal Relationships Conference, Bloomington-Normal, IL. Braithwaite, D. O. (1995). Ritualized embarrassment at "coed" wedding and baby showers. Communication Reports, 8, 145-157 Brown, B. R. (1968). The effects of need to maintain face on interpersonal bargaining. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 4, 107-122. Brown, B. R. (1970). Face-saving following experimentally induced embarrassment. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 6, 255-271. Brown, B. R. (1977). Face-saving and face-restoration in negotiation. In D. Druckman (Ed.), Negotiations: Social-psychological perspectives (pp. 275-299). Beverly Hills, CA: Sage. Brown, B. R., & others. (1971). The effects of another`s dependency and expectations of meeting with him on the reduction of face-saving behavior. (Journal unknown, please email complete cite if known). Brown, B. R., & Garland, H. (1971). The effects of incompetency, audience acquaintanceship, and anticipated evaluative feedback on face-saving behavior. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 7, 490-502. Brown, D. K. (2003). Goffman's Dramaturgical Sociology: Developing a Meaningful Theoretical Context and Exercise Involving "Embarrassment and Social Organization." Teaching Sociology, 31, 288-299. Buck, R. W., & Parke, R. D. (1972). Behavioral and physiological response to the presence of a friendly or neutral person in two types of stressful situations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 24, 143-153. Buck, R. W., Parke, R. D., & Buck, M. (1970). Skin conductance, heart rate, and attention to the environment in two stressful situations. Psychonomic Science, 18, 95-96. Bundy, C. C., Meischke, H., Eisenberg, M. S., & Larsen, M. P. (1996). Embarrassment and fear of false-alarm: Barriers to health care seeking behavior in chest pain patients. Journal of Investigative Medicine, 44, A138-A138. Burgess, T. (1839). The physiology or mechanism of blushing. London: J. Churchill. Burken, M., Boyer, L., Phares, P., & Horak, T. (2000, April). The effects of embarrassment on helping behavior. Paper presented at the ILLOWA Undergraduate Psychology Conference, Western Illinois University, Macomb, IL. Burrows, A., & Johnson, S. (2005). Girls' experiences of menarche and menstruation. Journal of Reproductive and Infant Psychology, 23, 235-249. Buss, A. H. (1980). Self-consciousness and social anxiety. San Francisco, CA: W. H. Freeman. Buss, A. H., Iscoe, I., & Buss, E. H. (1979). The development of embarrassment. Journal of Psychology, 103, 227-230. Buss, L. (1978). (Does overpraise cause embarrassment?) Unpublished raw data, University of Texas, Austin. Bybee, J. A. (1996). Self-conscious emotions: The psychology of shame, guilt, embarrassment, and pride - Tangney, J. P., & Fischer, K. W. [Review of the book Self-conscious emotions: The psychology of shame, guilt, embarrassment, and pride]. Journal of Personality Assessment, 67, 210-214. |
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Cahill, S. E. (1992). Embarrassability and public civility. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Midwest Sociological Society, Kansas City, MO. Cahill, S. E. (1995). Embarrassability and public civility: Another view of a much maligned emotion. In M. Flaherty & C. Ellis (Eds.), Social perspectives on emotion (Vol. 3, pp. 253-271). Stamford, CT: JAI Press. Cann, A., & Blackwelder, J. G. (1984). Compliance and mood: A field investigation of the impact of embarrassment. Journal of Psychology, 117, 221-226. Caplan, S. E., & Samter, W. (1999). The role of facework in younger and older adults' evaluations of social support messages. Communication Quarterly, 47, 245-264. Carpenter, J. D., Dowdle, M. A., Cardona, B. K., & Singelis, T. M. (1997, April). Distinctions of embarrassment and their relationship to self-construal. Paper presented at the annual conference of the Western Psychological Association, Seattle. Carson, C. L., & Cupach, W. R. (2000). Facing corrections in the workplace: The influence of perceived face threat on the consequences of managerial reproaches. Journal of Applied Communication Research, 28, pp. 215-234. Castelfranchi, C., & Poggi, I. (1990). Blushing as a discourse: Was Darwin wrong? In W. R. Crozier (ed.), Shyness and embarrassment: Perspectives from social psychology (pp. 230-251). Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press. Castledine, G. (2002). Nurse who caused an elderly patient stress and embarrassment. British Journal of Nursing, 11, 731-734. Chang, H., & Holt, G. R. (1994). A Chinese perspective on face as inter-relational concern. In S. Ting-Toomey (Ed.), The challenge of facework: Cross-cultural and interpersonal issues (pp. 95-132). Albany, NY: State University of New York Press. Chapman, D. E. (1993). An examination of intentional embarrassment tactics: Perceived appropriateness and effectiveness by self-monitoring social actors. Unpublished master's thesis, San Diego State University, CA. Christensen, B. J., Danko, G. P., & Johnson, R. C. (1993). Neuroticism and the belief that one is being scrutinized and evaluated by others. Personality & Individual Differences, 15, 349-350. Clark, S. J., & Desharnais, R. A. (1998). Honest answers to embarrassing questions: Detecting cheating in the randomized response model. Psychological Methods, 3, 160-168. Cochran, J. K., Chamlin, M. B., Wood, P. B., & Sellers, C. S. (1999). Shame, embarrassment, and formal sanction threats: Extending the deterrence/rational choice model to academic dishonesty. Sociological Inquiry, 69, 91-105. Cocroft, B. K., & Ting-Toomey, S. (1994). Facework in Japan and the United States. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 18, 469-506. Cohen, A. E., & Varela, F. J. (2000). Facing up to the embarrassment: The practice of subjectivity in neuroscientific and psychoanalytic experience. Journal of European Psychoanalysis, 10-11, 41-53. Collier, G. (1985). Emotional expression. Hillsdale, NJ: LEA. Conroy D. E., Willow J. P., Metzler J. N. (2002). Multidimensional fear of failure measurement: The performance failure appraisal inventory. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 14, 76-90. Consedine, N. S., Krivoshekova, Y. S., & Harris, C. R. (2007). Bodily embarrassment and judgment concern as separable factors in the measurement of medical embarrassment: Psychometric development and links to treatment-seeking outcomes. British Journal of Health Psychology, 12, 439-462. Contarello, A., Zammuner, V. L., Edelmann, R. J., Asendorpf, J., Georgas, J., & Villanueva, C. (1990). Aspetti transculturali dell 'imbarazzo: Una ricerca Europea (Cross-cultural aspects of embarrassment: European research). Archivio di Psicologia, Neurologia e Psichiatria, 51, 50-74. Cosmas, K. A. (1992). Self-esteem, social esteem, and interaction in embarrassment. Dissertation Abstracts International, 53 (11), 6036B. Costa, M., Dinsbach, W., Manstead, A. S. R., Bitti, P. E. R. (2001). Social presence, embarrassment, and nonverbal behavior. Journal of Nonverbal Behavior, 25, 225-241. Cotton, T. J. (1974). The development of a methodology to examine the experience of embarrassment during experiential confrontation in the psychotherapueutic session. Dissertation Abstracts International, 35 (10), 5103B. Cox, J. A., Read, R. L., Van Auken, P. M. (1990). Male-female differences in communicating job-related humor: An exploratory study. Humor, 3, 287-295. Crawford, L. A., & Novak, K. B. (1998, February). Role-taking, embarrassability, and undergraduate drinking: Some unanticipated findings. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Midwest Sociological Society, Kansas City, MO. Crawford, L. A., & Novak, K. B. (2000). The effects of role-taking and embarrassability on undergraduate drinking: Some unanticipated findings. Journal of Social Behavior and Personality, 15, 269-296. Crozier, W. R. (1989). The psychology of embarrassment: Edelmann, R. J. [Review of the book The psychology of embarrassment]. Current Psychology Research & Reviews, 8, 73-74. Crozier, W. R. (1990). Introduction. W. R. Crozier (ed.), Shyness and embarrassment: Perspectives from social psychology (pp. 1-15). Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press. Crozier, W. R. (1990). Social psychological perspectives on shyness, embarrassment, and shame. W. R. Crozier (ed.), Shyness and embarrassment: Perspectives from social psychology (pp. 19-58). Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press. Crozier, W. R. (1998). The psychology of embarrassment. [Book review of the book Embarrassment: Poise and peril in everyday life]. Cognition Emotion, 12, 715-721. Crozier, W. R. (2000). Blushing, social anxiety and exposure. In W. R. Crozier (Ed.), Shyness: Development, consolidation and change (pp. 154-170). New York: Routledge. Crozier, W. R. (2004). Self-consciousness, exposure, and the blush. Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour, 34, 1-17. Crozier, W. R., & Russell, D. (1992). Blushing, embarrassability and self-consciousness. British Journal of Social Psychology, 31, 343-349. Crystal, D. S., Watanabe, H., & Chen, R. (1999). Children's reactions to physical disability: A cross-national and developmental study. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 23, 91-111. Cupach, W. R. (1994). Social predicaments. In W. Cupach & B. Spitzberg (Eds.), The dark side of communication (pp. 159-180). Hillsdale, NJ: LEA. Cupach, W. R., Huggins, J., Long, L. W., & Metts, S. (2002, March). Perceptions of social impropriety: The role of embarrassability and perceiver sex. Paper presented at the meeting of the Western Speech Communication Association, Long Beach, CA. Cupach, W. R., & Imahori, T. T. (1993). Managing social predicaments created by others: A comparison of Japanese and American facework. Western Journal of Communication, 57, 431-444 Cupach, W. R., & Metts, S. (1990). Remedial processes in embarrassing predicaments. In J. A. Anderson (Ed.), Communication yearbook (Vol. 13, pp. 323-352). Beverly Hills, CA: Sage. Cupach, W. R., & Metts, S. (1992). The effects of type of predicament and embarrassability on remedial responses to embarrassing situations. Communication Quarterly, 40, 149-161. Cupach, W. R., & Metts, S. (1994). Facework. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. Cupach, W. R., Metts, S., & Hazleton, Jr., V. (1986a, November). Remedial strategies in embarrassing predicaments: Perceived utility and patterns of use. Paper presented at the seventy-second meeting of the Speech Communication Association, Chicago, Ill. Cupach, W. R., Metts, S., & Hazleton, Jr., V. (1986b). Coping with embarrassing predicaments: Remedial strategies and their perceived utility. Journal of Language and Social Psychology, 5, 181-200. Curcio, A. A. (1999). Rule-412 laid bare: A procedural rule that cannot adequately protect sexual harassment plaintiffs from embarrassing exposure. University of Cincinnati Law Review, 67, 125-183. Cutlip, W. E., II, & Leary, M. R. (1993). Anatomic and physiological bases of social blushing: Speculations from neurology and psychology. Behavioral Neurology, 6, 181-185. |
d'Urso, V., & Zammuner, V. L. (1986). L'imbarazzo in una situazione diadica (Embarrassment in a dyadic interaction). Ricerchi di Psicologia, 10, 47-89. Dahl, D. W., Gorn, G. J., Weinberg, C. B. (1996, August). Embarassment in purchasing socially sensitive products. Paper presented at the meeting of the International Congress of Psychology, Montreal, Quebec. Dahl, D. W., Gorn, G. J., Weinberg, C. B. (1998). The impact of embarrassment on condom purchase behaviour. Canadian Journal of Public Health, 89, 368-370. Dahl, D. W., Argo, J. J., & Manchanda, R. (2000, July). The red-faced customer: Investigating embarrassment in the context of consumer purchase. Paper presented at the meeting of the Administrative Science Association of Canada, Montreal and (October 2000) the meeting of the Association for Consumer Research, Salt Lake City, UT. Dahl, D. W., Manchanda, R. V., & Argo, J. J. (2001). Embarrassment in consumer purchase: The roles of social presence and purchase familiarity. Journal of Consumer Research, 28, 473-481. Dahl, D. W., Manchanda, R. V., & Argo, J. J. (2001). The red-faced customer: Investigating embarrassment in the context of consumer purchase. Advances in Consumer Research, 28, 139. Dann, O. T. (1977). A case study of embarrassment. Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association, 25, 453-470. Darby, B. W., & Schlenker, B. R. (1982). Children's reactions to apologies. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 43, 742-753. Darby, B. W., & Schlenker, B. R. (1989). Children's reactions to transgressions: Effects of the actor's apology, reputation and remorse. British Journal of Social Psychology, 28, 353-364. Darwin, C. (1872/1965). The expression of the emotions in man and animals. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press. de Jong, P. J. (1999). Communicative and remedial effects of social blushing. Journal of Nonverbal Behavior, 23, 197-217. de Jong, P. J., Peters, M. L., de Cremer, D., & Vranken, C. (2002). Blushing after a moral transgression in a prisoner's dilemma game: Appeasing or revealing? European Journal of Social Psychology, 32, 627-644. de Jong, P. J., Peters, M. L., & de Cremer, D. (2003). Blushing May Signify Guilt: Revealing Effects of Blushing in Ambiguous Social Situations. Motivation and Emotion, 27, 225-249. De Vera, R. V., Lamigo, M., & Pamintuan, N. A. (1996). Bakit ako mahihiya: Isang pag-aaral ng konsepto ng hiya sa konteksto ng pagpapalaki ng anak (Why should I be embarrassed: A lesson of embarrassment in the context of raising a child). Unpublished bachelor's thesis, De La Salle University, Manila, Philippines. Denholm, C. J., & Chabassol, D. J. (1987). Adolescents' self-disclosure of potentially embarrassing events. Psychological Reports, 60, 45-46. Devinsky, O., Hafler, D. A., & Victor, J. (1982). Embarrassment as the aura of a complex partial seizure. Neurology, 32, 1284-1285. Di Biase, R., & Lewis, M. (1997). The relation between temperament and embarrassment. Cognition and Emotion, 11, 259-271. Dineen, A. (1990). Shame/embarrassment in English and Danish. Australian Journal of Linguistics, 10, 217. Dogancay-Aktuna, S., et al. (1996, April). Gender differences in conveying embarrassing information: Examples in Turkish. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the International Association of Applied Linguistics, Jyvlaskia, Finland. Dom, R. M. (1967). The development of a methodology to examine the experience of embarrassment during experiential confrontation in the psychotherapeutic session. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Kentucky, KY. Dowdle, M. A. (2000). Physiological correlates of embarrassability: A validation study. Unpublished master's thesis, California State University, Chico, CA. Draghi-Lorenz, R., Reddy, V., & Morris, P. (2005). Young infants can be perceived as shy, coy, bashful, embarrassed. Infant & Child Development, 14, 63-83. Drolet, A., & Lau-Gesk, L. (2004). 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