1 L. A. Bruijnzeel and W. R. S. Critchley, Environmental Impacts of Logging Moist Tropical Forests. International Hydrological Programme, no. 7 (1994); and A. D. Ziegler and T. W. Giambelluca, "Importance of Rural Roads as Source Areas for Runoff in Mountainous Areas of Northern Thailand," Journal of Hydrology (in press).
2 cf. M. Poffenberger and B. McGean, eds., Community Allies: Forest Co-management in Thailand, Research Network Report, no. 2 (Berkeley: Center for Southeast Asian Studies, University of California, 1993).
3 Chamnonk Pransutjarit, "Impacts of Land Use Evolution on Streamflow and Suspended Sediment in Mae Taeng Watershed, Chiengmai" (M.S. thesis, Kasetsart University, 1983).
4 R. D. Harr, W. C. Harper, J. T. Krygier, and F. S. Hsieh, "Changes in Storm Hydrographs after Road Building and Clear-Cutting in the Oregon Coast Range," Water Resources Research 11 (June 1975): 436-444; J. G. King and L. C. Tennyson, "Alteration of Streamflow Characteristics Following Road Construction in North Central Idaho," Water Resources Research 20 (August 1984): 1159-1163; and K. A. Wright, "Logging Effects on Streamflow: Storm Runoff at Caspar Creek in Northwestern California," Water Resources Research 26 (July 1990): 1657-1667.
5 cf. E. R. Burroughs, M. A. Marsden, and H. F. Haupt, "Volume of Snowmelt Intercepted by Logging Roads," Journal of the Irrigation and Drainage Division: Proceedings of the American Society of Civil Engineers 98 (March 1972): 1-12; and W. F. Megahan, "Hydrologic Effects of Clearcutting and Wildfire on Steep Granitic Slopes in Idaho," Water Resources Research 19 (June 1983): 811-819.
6 Harr et al., "Changes in Storm Hydrographs"; J. A. Jones and G. E. Grant, "Peak Flow Responses to Clear-Cutting and Roads in Small and Large Basins, Western Cascades, Oregon," Water Resources Research 32 (1996): 959-974.
7 A. Rijsdijk and L. A. Bruijnzeel, Erosion, Sediment Yield and Land-Use Patterns in the Upper Konto Watershed, East Java, Indonesia, Part III: Results of the 1989 - 1990 Measuring Campaign, Project Communication no. 18, Konto River Project, Kingdom of the Netherlands, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Director General of International Cooperation, 1991.
8 T. Dunne and W. Dietrich, "Sediment Sources in Tropical Drainage Basins," in Soil Erosion and Conservation in the Tropics, ASA Special Publication, no. 43 (Madison, WI: American Society of Agronomy, Soil Science Society of America, 1982).
9 C. P. Harden, "Incorporating Roads and Footpaths in Watershed-Scale Hydrologic and Soil Erosion Models," Physical Geography 13 (October-December 1992): 368-385.
10 L. M. Reid and T. Dunne, "Sediment Production from Forest Road Surfaces," Water Resources Research 20 (November 1984): 1753-1761; R. E. Bilby, "Contributions of Road Surface Sediment to a Western Washington Stream," Forest Science 31 (December 1985): 827-838; and R. J. Coker, B. D. Fahey, and J. J. Payne, "Fine Sediment Production from Truck Traffic, Queen Charlotte Forest, Marlborough Sounds, New Zealand" Journal of Hydrology (NZ) 31, no. 1 (1993): 56-64.
11 A. R. Wald, "Impact of Truck Traffic and Road Maintenance on Suspended Sediment Yield for 14' Standard Forest Roads" (M.S. thesis, University of Washington, 1975); R. L. Beschta, "Long-Term Patterns of Sediment Production Following Road Construction and Logging in the Oregon Coast Range," Water Resources Research 14 (December 1978): 1011-1016; B. Anderson and D. F. Potts, "Suspended Sediment and Turbidity Following Road Construction and Logging in Western Montana," Water Resources Bulletin 23 (August 1987): 681-690; and R. B. Grayson, S. R. Haydon, M. D. A. Jayasuriya and B.L. Finlayson, "Water Quality in Mountain Ash Forests-Separating the Impacts of Roads from Those of Logging Operations," Journal of Hydrology 150 (October 1993): 459-480.
12 Jones and Grant, "Peak Flow Responses."
13 Dunne and Dietrich, "Sediment Sources in Tropical Drainage Basins"; Harden, "Incorporating Roads and Footpaths"; A. Malmer and H. Grip, "Soil Disturbance and Loss of Infiltrability Caused by Mechanized and Manual Extraction of Tropical Rainforest in Sabah, Malaysia," Forest Ecology and Management 38 (December 1990): 1-12; and M. C. Van der Plas and L. A. Bruijnzeel, "Impact of Mechanized Selective Logging of Rainforest on Topsoil Infiltrability in the Upper Segama Area, Sabah, Malaysia," in Hydrology of Warm Humid Regions: Proceedings of an International Symposium Held at Yokohama, Japan, 13-15 July 1993, ed. J. S. Gladwell, IAHS Publication, no. 216 (Wallingford, UK: IAHS Press, 1993), 203-212.
14 Ziegler and Giambelluca, "Importance of Rural Roads."
15 Ziegler and Giambelluca, "Importance of Rural Roads."
16 J. Fox, J. Krummel, S. Yarnasarn, M. Ekasingh, and N. Podger, "Landuse and Landscale Dynamics in Northern Thailand: Assessing Change in Three Upland Watersheds since 1954," Ambio 24, no. 6 (1995): 328-334.
17 Ziegler and Giambelluca, "Importance of Rural Roads."
18 D. A. Woolhiser, R. E. Smith, and D. C. Goodrich, KINEROS, A Kinematic Runoff and Erosion Model: Documentation and User Manual (Washington D.C.: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, ARS-77, 1990).
19 R. E. Smith and J. -Y. Parlange, "A Parameter-Efficient Hydrologic Infiltration Model," Water Resources Research 14, no. 3 (1978): 533-538; R. E. Smith, D. C. Goodrich, D. A. Woolhiser, and C. L. Unkrich, "KINEROS-A Kinematic Runoff and Erosion Model" in Computer Models of Watershed Hydrology, ed. V. P. Singh (Highlands Ranch, CO: Water Resources Publications, 1995).
20 D. A. Woolhiser et al., KINEROS; and Smith, Goodrich et al., "KINEROS."
21 Smith and Parlange, "A Parameter-Efficient Hydrologic Infiltration Model."
22 Fox et al., "Landuse and landscale dynamics."
23 W. H. Wischmeir and D. D. Smith, Predicting Rainfall Erosion Losses-A Guide to Conservation Planning, Agricultural Handbook, no. 537 (Washington D.C.:U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, 1978).
24 cf. Woolhiser et al., KINEROS.
25 Soils map, Department of Land Development, Bangkok, n.d.
26 Ziegler and Giambelluca, "Importance of Rural Roads."
28 cf. Ziegler and Giambelluca, "Importance of Rural Roads."
29 cf. Jones and Grant, "Peak Flow Responses."
30 cf. Ziegler and Giambelluca, "Importance of Rural Roads."
31 cf. K. Vlassak, S. Ongprasert, A. Tancho, K, Van Look, F. Turkelboom and L. Ooms, Soil Fertility Conservation Research Report 1989-1992 (Chiang Mai: SFC Project, Maejo University, 1992).