The assignment is to see whether the U.S. Census Bureau's estimate of the number of housing units (HU) and people (POP) on a block seem to match what you observe on the ground. (We are not going to do a door to door canvas.) For background, you might like to look-up definitions for "housing units", "population" and "imputation" on the Census Bureau's web-site.
US Census Bureau American FactFinder
Your write-up should be 2 pages (maximum) in addition to a sketch map of the block and housing units. It should identify the block and give the Census's counts for HU and POP. It should give your estimates, and describe how you came to your numbers. It should address the degree of agreement between your observation and the Census's, and might well address your level of confidence in either. (Remember, they have a whole system of mail-outs and follow-ups backed by compliance laws, and you had just a few hours.)
As usual, put your name, the assignment name "Census Data Checking" and the date in the upper right corner of the page.
Pau.