CULTURAL IDENTITY IN KOREA AND JAPAN

Themes cultural identity dualities "Sinicization" nativism worldviews evident in arts

Story of the Trung Sisters

Sense of Place *

Vietnam

• map (map source)
  
  
• origins: Iac Long Quan and Au Co
  
  
• Chinese control Han (c. 111 B.C.E.) through Tang (939):
  
  
• independence after Tang:
  • Dinh 968-980
  • Le 980-1009
  • Ly 1009-1225 “Land of the Rising Dragon”
  • Tran 1225-1400
  • Ho 1400-28
  • Late Le 1428-1788
  
  
  

Korean Peninsula

• map (map source)
• Ch'oyong poem; mountains * and terraced rice paddies *
  
  
• c. 2000 B.C.E. migration
  
  
• late 2nd cen. B.C E. Han Chinese influence
  
  
• after 220 C.E.Three Kingdoms map (map source):
  
  
• 669-935 Silla dynasty
  
  
• 935 Koryo usurpation; Kaeson capitol
  
  
• 1218-1392 Mongol rule
  
  
• 1392-1910 Choson Period: Yi Dynasty
  
  

Japanese Archipelago

• terrain *
  
  
• origins and prehistory:
  
  
• c. C.E. 400 Yamato State
  
  
• C.E. 645 Taika Reforms, Prince Shotoku 574-622
• 710-794 Nara era
  
  
• 794-1185 Heian Era:
  
  
  • Fujiwara family
  • Rule of Taste: Murasaki Shikibu *, Tale of Genji *
  
  
  
• 1185-1560 Military rule of Bakufu (map):
  Kamakura shogunate (1185-1333), samurai*
  Muromachi period, Ashikaga shogunate (1336-1573) *
  
  

Cultural Identity

• "Koreanness"
  • kimch'i
    
    
  • Han`gul
  • architecture: Koryo Pongchongsa Temple (Kyonsangbuk-do)
  • celadon pottery 12th cent. Koryo celadon
    
    
  • Buddhism: Maitreya *; pagoda temple *
  • native shamanism
  • sujech'on music
  • story of Ch`oyong; dragon king of the sea cermony; Ch'oyongmu court dance
• Japan and "nativism"
  • Shintoism *: kami, emperor
    
    
  • Confucianism
    
    
  • Buddhism:
    • temples* and shrines*
    • court: Nara; Flower Garland School 8th cen.; Esoteric Buddhism 9th cen., Bodhisattvas
    • shogunate: Pure Land Buddha Amida *; Zen founder Bodhidharma [Alt Bodhidharma]
    • 13th century realism: portrait of Indian monk [World Art Treasures, Kamakura]
  • syncretism
    
    
  • court aesthetics and samurai war tales
    
    
  • Music: Gagaku See also Gagaku website
  • Theatre: Noh dramatic dance poem (14th cen), noh masks
  • Kenko, Essays on Idleness
  • Monochrome painting *, calligraphy *
  • Landscape gardening: Ryoanji Temple, Kyoto *
  • Tea Ceremony, chanoyu *; Shino ware *; Way of Tea

  Comparisons

  • commonality:
    
    
  • difference: