MULTICULTURALISM:
INDIA AND SOUTHEAST ASIA

Themes

• multiculturalism
• cultural identity
• aesthetic values
• Muslim and Hindu in India
• Indian Ocean trade basin and Southeast Asia cultures

Environment and Development

• Environments:
  • Northern India
  • Southern India
  • Indian Ocean
  • mainland Southeast Asia
  • island Southeast Asia
• Developments in India:
  • Northern 500-1200
    • post-Gupta Empire: White Huns; Harsha
    • Muslim incursions:
    • regional states: Rajputs
  • Southern 900-1300
    • Chalukyas and Cholas (850-1267)
    • Tamil people (Dravadian)
    • Realignment 12th-16th centuries
      • invasions
      • north: Sultanate of Delhi 1290-1320
      • south: Vijayanagar Kingdom 1336-1565
  • Developments in Southeast Asia
    • kingdom of Funan 1st-6th cen. C.E.
    • kingdom of Srivijaya 670-1025
    • kingdom of Angkor 889-1431

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  Multiculturalism in India?

  • Political: regionalism vs centralization
  • Economic: cities, guilds, trade
  • Social:
    • caste
    • localization
    • women
    • Muslim and Hindu relations
      • Kabir, 15th century poet and mystic
  • Religion and Aesthetic Values:
    • Hinduism: Krishna, cows and bullocks
    • art and religion
    • 4 Ends of Man
      • Dharma
      • Artha
      • Kama
      • Moksha
    • court; Akbar
    • Mysticism and Poetry
      • Sufi and bhakti
      • Gitagovinda, Krishna and Radhi
    • Architecture and Sculpture: Temples
      • carved pillars
      • sculpture: Tara (torso)
      • Pallava temple *
      • Konark Sun temple *, sculpture*
      • Qutb Minar*

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  Cultural Identites in Southeast Asia

  • mainland Southeast Asia:
    • Burma: Pagan *; * c. 1050-1270s
    • Thailand: Sukhotai * 13th cen; Ayuthia 1350-1767. Bangkok *; *; *
    • Laos: 14th cen founder Fa Ngoun, Khmer inlaws, *
  • Khmer kingdom of Angkor
    • political: Jayavarman II 802; royal cult *
    • Angkor Wat. *
    • cultural identity:
    • architecture, art, dance *
  • island Southeast Asia
    • trade centers: kingdom of Srivijaya on Sumatra
    • Islam from India
    • Java
      • Saliendras c. 700-900; Kediri (1050-1222); Singosari (1222-92); Majapahit (1293-c.1520)
      • multiculturalism
        • Mahayana Buddhism 1st cen. C.E. Borobudur. *; *
        • Hinduism 9th cen. Shiva *
        • Islam * 14th cen.
        • identity
          • Shiva, caste
          • Sufism
          • web of kinship
          • aesthetic values
          • masked dance *
          • wayang

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      Conclusions

      • comparison of crosscultural interactions
      • dynamics:

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      Explore!

      • Itiihas
      • Art of Burma/Myanmar
      • Art of Laos, Cambodia, Thailand

      Go to Syllabus Lecture Outline

      kjolly@hawaii.edu 11/04/98