IMPERIALISM IN THE PAX ROMANA

Themes

• Imperialism = ?
• examples:
• what makes an empire?

Environment and Development: Expansion

• Environment:
  • Italy, mediterranaean, Hellenistic world
  • geographic expansion: empire (vs Empire)
• Development: 3 phases
  1. Italy, 4th cen BCE: from ____________ to ____________
  2. Carthage, 3rd cen BCE: ____________ in the mediterranean
     • 1st Punic War (264-241) Messana, Sicily
     • 2nd Punic War (218-202) Sagutum, Ebro River, Spain; Hannibal
     • ["3rd Punic War" c. 150 BCE]
  3. Hellenstic world, c. 216-168 BCE: from ________ to __________
     • __________ or __________?

Expansion=Imperialism? Just War?

• gain? intent?
• diplomacy?
• Senate nobiles
• change over time:

Fall of Republic and Creation of Empire

• 2nd cen. BCE:
  • Gracchi, Marius, Sulla
  • Triumvirate: Pompey, Crassus, Caesar
  • Civil war:
• Republican Emperor? Octavian/Augustus [ Alt Octavian]
• Tacitus' Secret of Empire (CE 55-c. 117)

Imperial Culture

• map
• tradition
• public life:
  • Temple of Fortuna Virilis [Alt Temple]
  • Ara Pacis Augustae [Alt Ara Pacis]
  • Pax [Alt Pax coin]
• Pax Romana?
  • Aelius Aristeides, The Roman Oration (2nd cen)
  • Tacitus and the British response
  • Flavius Josephus and the Jewish revolt (CE 66)
• Multiculturalism?

Why did Rome Fall?

• __________ versus __________ forces
• __________ versus __________ half
• pick a date: 395, 410, 476
• theories: Edward Gibbon, Peter Brown, Ronald Reagan, Joan Collins

Explore!

• discovery of a Roman lady in Britain (BBC)
• Roman Art and Architecture