PHYL 160

Study Guide for Exam 2

Terminology

Cortisol

Polarization

Depolarization

Hyperpolarization

Action Potential

Graded Potential

Resting Potential

Ion

Current

Voltage

Ohm’s Law

Gradient

Circadian Rhythm

Reticular Formation

Solitary Tract

Midbrain

Diencephalon

Pons

IPSP

EPSP

Locus Coeruleus

Raphe Nuclei

SCN

Dopamine

Acetylcholine

Noradrenaline

Epineprine

Histamine

Glutamate

GABA

Adenosine

PGO

Melatonin

Growth hormone

Sympathetic ANS

Parasympathetic ANS

Tumescence

Tonic REM

Phasic REM

• How is the circadian rhythm related to sleep?
• Describe the cell membrane
• What are trans-membrane channels and how to they work?
• What are the types of electric charge and how are they related?
• Sketch a typical myelinated neuron.
• Describe how electricity moves through a neuron.
• Describe how electricity moves between neurons.
• What is the difference between afferents and efferents?
• What is a neurotransmitter?
• What is the difference between IPSP and EPSP?
• Compare and contrast the Resting, Graded and Action Potential
• What are the four major brain structures?
• What and where are the major brain structures involved in wakefulness?
• What and where is the major brain structures involved in sleep?
• What are the major physiological systems in the human body?
• What is homeostasis?
• How is body temperature related to sleep?
• Compare and contrast the nervous sytem control and the endocrine system control