THE FINAL EXAM WILL BE COMPREHENSIVE.
ONE HALF OF THE FINAL WILL BE BASED ON THE FIRST TWO MIDTERM EXAMS. THE OTHER HALF OF THE FINAL EXAM WILL COVER THE MATERIAL SINCE THE SECOND MIDTERM. THIS WOULD INCLUDE HOST-PARASITE INTERACTIONS, NON-SPECIFIC IMMUNITY AND SPECIFIC IMMUNITY.
THE MATERIAL FROM THE THIRD MIDTERM (THE OPEN BOOK EXAM) WILL NOT BE ON THE EXAM PER SE, HOWEVER, ANY ORGANISMS OR DISEASES WHICH HAVE BEEN COVERED IN LECTURE COULD APPEAR ON THE FINAL.
1. MACROPHAGES.
WHAT DO THEY DO?
WHAT KINDS OF RECEPTORS AND PROTEINS DO THEY HAVE ON THEIR
SURFACE?
HOW DOES OPSONIZATION RELATE TO THESE CRITTERS?
WHAT IS MEANT BY ANTIGEN PROCESSING?
2. WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN A FOOD INFECTION AND A FOOD
INTOXICATION?
HOW DO YOU GET SALMONELLA FOOD POISONING?
HOW DOES SALMONELLOSIS DIFFER FROM STAPHYLOCOCCUS FOOD POISONING?
3. WHAT IS THE MEDICAL IMPORTANCE OF STREPTOCOCCUS PYOGENES?
WHERE DO STREPTOCOCCUS PYOGENES INFECTIONS USUALLY OCCUR?
WHAT ARE THEIR CONSEQUENCES OR SEQUELLAE?
HOW DOES THE IMMUNE SYSTEM INTERACT WITH THIS ORGANISM?
DITTO FOR STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS.
4. WHICH INFECTIOUS ORGANISMS ARE OF PARTICULAR CONCERN DURING
PREGNANCY?
ARE ANY OF THESE ORGANISMS ASSOCIATED WITH PETS?
5. ANTIBODIES.
WHAT ARE THE FIVE CLASSES?
WHAT DO THE MOLECULES LOOK LIKE AND WHAT IS THEIR CHEMICAL
COMPOSITION?
WHAT IS A PRIMARY RESPONSE?
WHAT IS A SECONDARY RESPONSE?
HOW IS THE IMMUNE RESPONSE OF AN INFANT DIFFERENT FROM THAT OF AN
ADULT?
WHERE DOES A NEWBORNE GET ITS ANTIBODY FROM?
WHAT DOES IgA DO? IgE?
DO MATERNAL ANTIBODIES EVER POSE ANY DANGERS TO A DEVELOPING
FETUS?
WHAT ROLE DO ANTIBODIES PLAY IN BLOOD TYPING THE ABO AND THE Rh
SYSTEM?
WHAT ROLE DO ANTIBODIES PLAY IN IMMUNOPATHOLOGIES SUCH AS RHEUMATOID
ARTHRITIS, RHEUMATIC FEVER, GLOMERULONEPHRITIS, GRAVE'S DISEASE,
MYASTHENIA GRAVIS, ALLERGIES?
HOW DOES COMPLEMENT INTERACT WITH ANTIBODY?
HOW DOES ANTIBODY PROTECT FROM BACTERIA, VIRUSES AND TOXINS?
6. HOW IS TUBERCULOSIS TRANSMITTED?
HOW ARE PEOPLE TESTED FOR TB?
HOW IS THE TUBERCULIN SKIN TEST READ?
WHAT DOES A POSITIVE SKIN TEST MEAN?
WHAT IS DELAYED HYPERSENSITIVITY?
WHAT IS BCG AND HOW DOES IT RELATE TO THE SKIN TEST?
WHAT OTHER ORGANISMS OR CONDITIONS ARE ASSOCIATED WITH DELAYED
HYPERSENSITIVITY?
7. T-CELLS.
HOW MANY TYPES ARE THERE -- FUNCTIONS AND CD PHENOTYPE?
WHERE DO THEY COME FROM?
HOW IS THE REPERTOIRE DEVELOPED? (HOW IS THE REPERTOIRE DEVELOPED IN
B-CELLS?)
HOW IS CLONAL EXPANSION ACCOMPLISHED? (HOW IS CLONAL EXPANSION
ACCMPLISHED IN B-CELLS?)
HOW IS A Th CELL ACTIVATED?
WHAT DOES A Th CELL DO ONCE ITS ACTIVATED?
WHAT DOES A Tc CELL DO?
8. WHAT ARE THE MAJOR NON-SPECIFIC DEFENSE MECHANISMS OF THE
BODY?
HOW IS INFLAMMATION TRIGGERED?
WHAT ARE THE SIGNS OF INFLAMMATION AND HOW ARE THEY GENERATED?
HOW CAN INFLAMMATION BE CONTROLLED?
HOW DOES COMPLEMENT INTERACT WITH INFLAMMATION?