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Multicultural Key Strategies Multicultural Skills Training Team
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Systemic-Multicultural (SM) Strategies for Culture-Centered Adaptation of
Systemic
Psychotherapy Interventions
Case
Example: SM1. Understanding Family Structures within a Cultural Context a. Marker: IF clients talk about their families, THEN it is important to understand their family structure within a cultural context. b. Consequence: IF you understand their family structure within a cultural context, THEN you will have a greater understanding of the dynamic interplay between the family and their culture. c. Example: "When we have been discussing the fact that you were found crying in the bathroom recently, you seem to always talk about your family. It seems as if your relationship with them may be related to why you were crying. Would you like to discuss more about them?" SM2. Identifying Culturally Influenced Family Expectations a. Marker: IF clients are experiencing conflict between their internal desires and external expectations, THEN it may be useful to identify culturally-influenced family expectations. b. Consequences: IF you identify culturally-influenced family expectations, THEN clients may gain a better understanding abut their conflicts and the source of the external pressure they feel. c. Example: I understand that when the females in your family were your age, they were also expected to do many of the things you are now. You have been telling me how frustrated you are that you cannot go out after school like your friends can. It seems like many of your friends are of a different cultural background than you. It seems that your parents growing up in Mexico could be influencing their expectations of you. Do you think that growing up in the U.S., where there are different expectations of female teenagers than there are in Mexico, could be influencing your frustration with their expectations of you? SM3. Identifying Culturally-Shaped Family Roles a. Marker: IF clients are stuck in rigid patterns of behavior, THEN it may be helpful to identify their culturally-shaped family roles. b. Consequence: IF you identify clients' culturally-shaped family roles, THEN they will better understand their roles in the family and how their behaviors are influenced by this, and therefore they will be better able to make informed choices about their behaviors. c. Example: It seems as if each of you has a very special role in the family, and that, in particular, Maria is someone who takes care of the family. What are the roles that each of you have in your family? Do you have any idea how you got these roles? How does having your role feel for each of you? Do you think Maria having her role is influencing her grades or mood? SM4. Illuminating Cultural Values that are Transmitted through the Family a. Marker: IF clients are struggling to make a decision about their life or their behavioral responses are restrictive, THEN it may be useful to illuminate the cultural values that are transmitted through their family. b. Consequence: IF you illuminate the cultural values that are transmitted through the family, THEN clients will have more understanding about their struggle and they will feel more comfortable in making decisions. c. Example: "From what you have shared with me, it seems as if women for generations in your family have always started taking care of their younger siblings and taking care of the household when they were Maria's age. Maybe we could discuss how American teenagers tend to have different responsibilities than does Maria, and how her seeing her friends not have to go home and do what she does may be impacting her current mood." SM5. Encouraging Change within Families that Fit Cultural Contexts a. Marker: IF a family problem has been identified and change is being explored, THEN you should encourage change within families that fit cultural contexts. b. Consequence: IF you encourage change within families that fit cultural contexts, THEN there will be a decreased chance of resistance and changes are more likely to disrupt the family functioning. c. Example: "Perhaps Maria is upset because she is not able to go out with her friends and be social. I understand you are concerned about her safety, but it seems as if you are all comfortable with her being at church. Is it possible for Maria to go to church functions when she has some free time? That way, you know where she is, and she is still able to go out and have some fun with her friends."
Copyright © 2004
D. Jennette, J. Oliveira-Berry, K. Wagner, G. Hanawahine, C. Castagnini.
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