|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Notes: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 | Papers: 1, 2, 3
Thai Photos: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13
Indonesia Photos: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11
|
|
|
|
|
|
June 11,1999
Interview with John C. Shaw. Chiang Mai, Thailand.
Kylin
The kylin has its origins in Chinese mythology (Chinese chíi-lin)
and is one of the chief mythological animals incorporated in not
only ceramic decoration, but throughout artistic renderings. The
image of the kylin is used to herald or signify the coming of
a virtuous ruler, (The Wares of the Ming Dynasty R.L. Hobson.
Charles E. Tuttle Co., Tokyo, Japan, 1971.) [and is thereby an
important icon for the legitimization of the empirical dynasty.]
Use of the kylin as a decorative symbol in Thai ceramics did not
assume the mythical characteristics of the Chinese however; instead,
the Thai potter copied the image without regard to its background.
As such certain characteristics necessary for the transmission
of its mythical signification were altered and emitted. The most
obvious change is the drastic alteration of the royal flaming
attributes emerging from the neck and shoulders. Shaw is of the
opinion that this points to the nativity of the Thai ceramic industry.
In Sukhothai there are kiln sites with as many as ten kilns built
on top of one another, showing the evolution from river bank kilns
to advanced high fire kilns capable of producing stoneware. Shaw
is of the opinion that the ability to reach high temperatures
in the kilns probably came with the introduction of bronze technology.
(This is certainly possibly considering that the Khmer and Burmese
to either side of the Thai kingdoms had both bronze and high fire
ceramic technology.) In addition not a single found piece of Thai
pottery has Chinese writing on it, only classic Thai script adopted
from the ancient Mon script has been found. All these are cited
by Shaw as support for his argument to the complete nativity of
Thai ceramic technology.
[My own opinion about this is for a more fluid understanding of
the regions ceramic development. Political boundaries were not
rigid in any way. Wars were constantly being waged to gain territory.
Dynasties intermarried. Numerous nomadic peoples, now called hill
tribes, wandered freely regardless of political borders. And trade
was an integral and dynamic part of civilized life, carrying not
only products but also technology across borders, if not legally
and sanctioned then illegally and as part of a black market. The
situation is much the same to day with continued border crossings
and skirmishes, and technology both commercial and military sought
after everywhere. Whether the Thai obtained their ceramic technology
through direct immigration of Chinese potters or not is an academic
dispute which will probably never be resolved; however, the fact
remains that technology undoubtedly spread across borders be they
be Thai, Khmer, Burmese, Srivijaian, or Chinese.]
For the most part Northern wares were produced for an entirely
domestic market leaving the export industry to the kiln sites
of Sri Satchanelai and Sukhothai to the South. |
|
|