TYPES OF HEADINGS COVERED: The subdivisions listed below may be used, within the limitations of the usage notes, as free-floating subdivisions under headings for geographic place names including continents; regions; islands; countries; states, provinces, and equivalent jurisdictions; counties and other local jurisdictions larger than cities; and headings for metropolitan areas, suburban areas, and regions based on names of cities. They may also be used, except as noted, under names of cities established as valid AACR2 name headings, under names of extinct cities established as subject headings (in accordance with the provisions of H 715), and under names of city sections, districts, or quarters (in accordance with the provisions of H 720). Appropriate subdivisions may also be used under headings for geographic features or regions based on geographic features following the guidelines for the assignment of such headings given in H 760. Appropriate subdivisions may also be used under names of bodies of water. For additional subdivisions used only under names of bodies of water, streams, etc., see H 1145.5. This list does not cover names of celestial bodies and other astronomical features. This list also does not cover international organizations and corporate bodies that are not jurisdictions, for example, Commonwealth of Independent States.
CHRONOLOGICAL SUBDIVISIONS: In 1997 restrictions were lifted on use of subdivisions of the type –16th, [17th, 18th, 19th, 20th] century under –Civilization and –Intellectual life, thereby allowing their use under geographic headings at any level. At the same time, subdivisions of the type –16th, [17th, 18th, 19th, 20th] century were added under the subdivisions –Economic conditions; –History; –History, Military; –History, Naval; –Politics and government; –Social conditions; and –Social life and customs. These subdivisions were added to facilitate subject access by time period, primarily by authorizing their free-floating use under places smaller than countries, where chronological subdivisions were previously not established or used. These free-floating century subdivisions should be used with caution under names of countries and other geographic entities where chronological subdivisions for specific time periods have been established. Assign these century subdivisions only where there is no conflict with chronological subdivisions established in the subject authority file.
Note: Most form subdivisions coded $v in this list may also be used as topical subdivisions coded $x when assigned to works about the form (see H 1075, sec. 1.d.).
$x Abstracting and indexing (May Subd Geog) (H 1205; H 1670)
$v Abstracts (H 1205)
$x Administrative and political divisions
$x Aerial exploration
Do not use under cities.
$v Aerial photographs (H 1210.5)
$v Aerial views (H 1210.5)
$x Altitudes
Do not use under cities.
$v Anecdotes
$x Annexation to ...
Do not use under cities.
$x Anniversaries, etc.
$x Antiquities (H 1225; H 1845)
Do not use under names of extinct cities.
$x Antiquities $x Collection and preservation (May Subd Geog)
Use for methods of collection.
Do not use under names of extinct cities.
$x Antiquities $x Collectors and collecting (May Subd Geog)
Use for collectors of antiquities and history of collecting.
Do not use under names of extinct cities.
$x Antiquities, Byzantine (H 1225)
Do not use under names of extinct cities.
$x Antiquities, Celtic (H 1225)
Do not use under names of extinct cities.
$x Antiquities, Germanic (H 1225)
Do not use under names of extinct cities.
$x Antiquities, Phoenician (H 1225)
Do not use under names of extinct cities.
$x Antiquities, Roman (H 1225)
Do not use under names of extinct cities.
$x Antiquities, Slavic (H 1225)
Do not use under names of extinct cities.
$x Antiquities, Turkish (H 1225)
Do not use under names of extinct cities.
$x Appropriations and expenditures (H 1624)
$x Appropriations and expenditures $x Effect of inflation on (H 1580)
$x Archival resources (H 1230)
$x Area
Use for descriptions of the physical area of a place as well as for works on
measurement of the area of a place.
$x Armed Forces (May Subd Geog)
Use only under countries and under regions larger than countries.
See H 1159 for further subdivisions used under military services.
$v Audiotape catalogs (H 1361)
$v Bathymetric maps
$v Bio-bibliography (H 1328)
$v Biography (H 1330; H 1845)
$v Biography $v Anecdotes
$v Biography $v Caricatures and cartoons
$v Biography $v Dictionaries
$v Biography $v Dictionaries $x French, [Italian, etc.]
$x Biography $x History and criticism
$v Biography $v Humor
$v Biography $v Pictorial works (H 1935)
$v Biography $v Portraits (H 1935)
$x Biography $v Sources
$v Book reviews (H 2021)
$x Boundaries (May Subd Geog) (H 1333.5)
$x Buildings, structures, etc. (H 1334; H 1334.5)
Use only under cities and city sections.
$v Calendars
$x Capital and capitol
Do not use under cities.
$v Census (H 1366)
$x Census $x Law and legislation (H 1705)
$v Census, [date] (H 1366)
For specific federal censuses of the United States, assign the heading United
States–Census, [ordinal number], [date].
$x Centennial celebrations, etc.
$v Charters
Use only under states, counties, cities, etc., of the United States.
$v Charters, grants, privileges
Use only under countries, etc., other than the United States, and under cities other
than those of the United States.
$x Church history (H 1845)
$x Church history $y 16th century
$x Church history $y 17th century
$x Church history $y 18th century
$x Church history $y 19th century
$x Church history $y 20th century
$x Church history $y 21st century
$x Civilization (H 1370)
$x Civilization $y 16th century (H 1370)
$x Civilization $y 17th century (H 1370)
$x Civilization $y 18th century (H 1370)
$x Civilization $y 19th century (H 1370)
$x Civilization $y 20th century (H 1370)
$x Civilization $y 21st century (H 1370)
$x Civilization $x Foreign influences (H 1370)
$x Civilization $x Philosophy
$x Claims
$x Claims vs. ...
$x Climate
$x Climate $v Observations
$x Colonial influence
$x Colonies
[name of country]–Colonies may also be used under topical headings, for example,
Education--–Great Britai--–Colonies.
See H 1149.5 for further subdivisions.
$x Colonization
$x Commerce (May Subd Geog)
Use for works on foreign or domestic trade of the place. For works on reciprocal
trade between countries, cities, etc., assign a combination of headings:
[place A]–Commerce–[place B]; [place B]–Commerce–[place A].
$x Commercial policy
Use only under countries and regions larger than countries.
$v Commercial treaties (H 2227)
Use only under countries and regions larger than countries.
$v Compact disc catalogs (H 1361)
$x Court and courtiers
$x Court and courtiers $x Clothing
$x Court and courtiers $x Food
$x Court and courtiers $x Language
$x Cultural policy
$x Defenses
Use only under countries and regions larger than countries.
$x Defenses $x Economic aspects
Use only under countries and regions larger than countries.
$x Defenses $x Law and legislation (H 1705)
Use only under countries and regions larger than countries.
$x Dependency on [place]
Use only under countries and regions larger than countries.
$x Dependency on foreign countries
Use only under countries and regions larger than countries.
$x Defenses $x Law and legislation (H 1705)
Use only under countries and regions larger than countries.
$x Dependency on [place]
Use only under countries and regions larger than countries.
$x Dependency on foreign countries
Use only under countries and regions larger than countries.
$x Description and travel (H 1530; H 1845)
$v Directories (H 1558)
$x Discovery and exploration (H 1564)
$x Discovery and exploration $x French, [Spanish, etc.] (H 1564)
$x Distances, etc.
$v Drama (H 1780)
$v Early works to 1800 (H 1576)
$x Economic conditions (H 1578; H 1845)
$x Economic conditions $y 16th century (H 1578)
$x Economic conditions $y 17th century (H 1578)
$x Economic conditions $y 18th century (H 1578)
$x Economic conditions $y 19th century (H 1578)
$x Economic conditions $y 20th century (H 1578)
$x Economic conditions $y 21st century (H 1578)
$x Economic conditions $y [period subdivision] $x Regional disparities
Do not use under cities.
$x Economic conditions $x Regional disparities
Do not use under cities.
$x Economic integration
Use only under regions larger than countries.
$x Economic policy
$x Emigration and immigration (H 1581)
$x Emigration and immigration $x Economic aspects
$x Emigration and immigration $x Government policy (H 1642)
$x Emigration and immigration $x Religious aspects (H 1998)
$x Emigration and immigration $x Religious aspects $x Baptists, [Catholic Church, etc.]
$x Emigration and immigration $x Religious aspects $x Buddhism, [Christianity, etc.]
$x Emigration and immigration $x Social aspects
$x Environmental conditions
$x Eruption, [date] (H 1078)
Use under names of volcanoes.
$x Eruptions
Use under names of volcanoes.
$x Ethnic relations (H 1845)
$x Ethnic relations $x Economic aspects
$x Ethnic relations $x Political aspects
$v Fiction (H 1790)
$v Folklore (H 1627)
Use only for works discussing folklore about the place. For works discussing
folklore originating in the place use Folklore–[place].
$x Forecasting (H 1628)
$x Foreign economic relations (May Subd Geog)
$x Foreign public opinion (H 1955)
Use only under countries and regions larger than countries.
$x Foreign public opinion, Austrian, [British, etc.] (H 1955)
Use only under countries and regions larger than countries.
$x Foreign relations (May Subd Geog) (H 1629)
Use only under countries and regions larger than countries.
$x Foreign relations $x Catholic Church (H 1629)
Use only under countries and regions larger than countries.
$x Foreign relations $v Executive agreements (H 2227)
Use only under countries and regions larger than countries.
$x Foreign relations $x Law and legislation (H 1705)
Use only under countries and regions larger than countries.
$x Foreign relations $x Philosophy
Use only under countries and regions larger than countries.
$x Foreign relations $v Treaties (H 2227)
Use only under countries and regions larger than countries.
$x Foreign relations administration
Use only under countries and regions larger than countries.
$v Gazetteers (H 1630)
$v Genealogy (H 1631; H 1845)
$x Genealogy $x Religious aspects (H 1998)
$x Geography (H 1530)
$x Gold discoveries
Do not use under cities.
$v Guidebooks (H 1645)
$x Historical geography
$x Historical geography $v Maps
$x Historiography
$x History (H 1647; H 1845)
$x History $y 16th century (H 1647)
$x History $y 17th century (H 1647)
$x History $y 18th century (H 1647)
$x History $y 19th century (H 1647)
$x History $y 20th century (H 1647)
$x History $y 21st century (H 1647)
$x History $y [period subdivision] $v Biography (H 1330)
If no period subdivision is used, use [place]–Biography.
$x History $y [period subdivision] $v Biography $v Anecdotes
If no period subdivision is used, use [place]–Biograph--y–Anecdotes.
$x History $y [period subdivision] $v Biography $v Portraits
If no period subdivision is used, use [place]–Biograph--y–Portraits.
$x History $y [period subdivision] $x Biography $v Sources
If no period subdivision is used, use [place]–Biography–Sources
$x History $y [period subdivision] $v Chronology (H 1367)
$x History $y [period subdivision] $x Historiography
If no period subdivision is used, use [place]–Historiography.
$x History $y [period subdivision] $x Philosophy
$x History $y [period subdivision] $v Sources (H 2080)
$x History $v Anecdotes
$x History $x Autonomy and independence movements
Do not use under cities.
$x History $v Chronology (H 1367)
$x History $v Comic books, strips, etc.
$x History $x Errors, inventions, etc.
$x History $v Humor
$x History $x Periodization
$x History $x Philosophy
$x History $v Pictorial works (H 1935)
$x History $x Prophecies
$x History $x Religious aspects (H 1998)
$x History $x Religious aspects $x Baptists, [Catholic Church, etc.] (H 1998)
$x History $x Religious aspects $x Buddhism, [Christianity, etc.] (H 1998)
$x History $v Sources (H 2080)
$x History, Local (H 1845)
Do not use under cities. Use under names of regions, countries, states, etc., for
the collective histories of several local units. For the history of a single
locality, use the subdivision –History under the name of the locality.
$x History, Local $x Collectibles
Do not use under names of cities.
$x History, Military (H 1845)
$x History, Military $y 16th century
$x History, Military $y 17th century
$x History, Military $y 18th century
$x History, Military $y 19th century
$x History, Military $y 20th century
$x History, Military $y 21st century
$x History, Military $x Religious aspects (H 1998)
$x History, Naval (H 1845)
$x History, Naval $y 16th century
$x History, Naval $y 17th century
$x History, Naval $y 18th century
$x History, Naval $y 19th century
$x History, Naval $y 20th century
$x History, Naval $y 21st century
$v Humor
$v Imprints (H 1660)
$v In art (H 362; H 910; H 1250; H 1935)
$x In bookplates
$x In literature (H 362; H 910; H 1780; H 1790; H 1800)
$x In mass media
$x In motion pictures
$v Index maps
$x Information services (H 1675.5)
$x Intellectual life
$x Intellectual life $y 16th century
$x Intellectual life $y 17th century
$x Intellectual life $y 18th century
$x Intellectual life $y 19th century
$x Intellectual life $y 20th century
$x Intellectual life $y 21st century
$x International status
$v Juvenile drama (H 1690)
$v Juvenile fiction (H 1690)
$v Juvenile humor (H 1690)
$v Juvenile poetry (H 1690)
$x Kings and rulers (H 1574)
See H 1100 for further subdivisions used under classes of persons.
$x Kings and rulers $x Abdication
$x Kings and rulers $x Art patronage
$x Kings and rulers $x Brothers
See H 1100 for further subdivisions used under classes of persons.
$x Kings and rulers $x Children
See H 1100 for further subdivisions used under classes of persons.
$x Kings and rulers $x Death and burial
$x Kings and rulers $x Dwellings
$x Kings and rulers $x Education (H 1579)
$x Kings and rulers $v Folklore (H 1627)
$x Kings and rulers $v Genealogy (H 1631)
$x Kings and rulers $x Heraldry
$x Kings and rulers $x Mistresses
See H 1100 for further subdivisions used under classes of persons.
$x Kings and rulers $x Mythology (H 1998)
$x Kings and rulers $x Religious aspects (H 1998)
$x Kings and rulers $x Sisters
See H 1100 for further subdivisions used under classes of persons.
$x Kings and rulers $x Succession
$x Kings and rulers $x Tombs
$x Kings and rulers $x Travel (May Subd Geog)
$x Languages
See H 1154 for further subdivisions used under languages.
$x Languages $x Law and legislation (H 1705)
$x Languages $x Political aspects (H 1942)
$x Languages $v Texts (H 2190)
$x Library resources
$v Literary collections (H 910)
$v Literatures (H 1828)
See H 1156 for further subdivisions used under literatures.
$v Maps (H 1865)
$x Maps $v Bibliography
$v Maps $v Early works to 1800 (H 1576)
$v Maps $v Facsimiles (H 1595)
$v Maps, Comparative
$v Maps, Manuscript
$v Maps, Mental
$v Maps, Outline and base
$v Maps, Physical
$v Maps, Pictorial
$v Maps, Topographic
$v Maps, Tourist
$v Maps for children
$v Maps for people with visual disabilities
$v Maps for the blind
$x Military policy
Use only under countries and regions larger than countries.
$x Military policy $x Religious aspects (H 1998)
Use only under countries and regions larger than countries.
$x Military relations (May Subd Geog) (H 1996)
$x Military relations $z Foreign countries (H 1996)
$x Militia
Do not use under cities.
See H 1159 for further subdivisions used under military services.
$v Miscellanea (H 1910)
$x Moral conditions
$x Name (H 1919)
$x National Guard
Use only under countries and regions larger than countries.
See H 1159 for further subdivisions used under military services.
$x Naval militia
Do not use under cities.
$v Newspapers (H 1920)
$x Officials and employees (May Subd Geog)
See H 1100 for further subdivisions used under classes of persons.
$x Officials and employees $x Accidents (May Subd Geog)
$x Officials and employees $z Foreign countries
$x Officials and employees $z Foreign countries $x Foreign language competency
$x Officials and employees $x Furloughs
$x Officials and employees $x Leave regulations
$x Officials and employees $x Payroll deductions
$x Officials and employees $x Salaries, etc. (May Subd Geog)
$x Officials and employees $x Salaries, etc. $x Regional disparities
Do not use under cities.
$x Officials and employees $x Turnover
$x Officials and employees, Alien
See H 1100 for further subdivisions used under classes of persons.
$x Officials and employees, Honorary
See H 1100 for further subdivisions used under classes of persons.
$x Officials and employees, Retired
See H 1100 for further subdivisions used under classes of persons.
$x On postage stamps (H 1945)
$x On television
$v Photographs from space (H 1210.5)
Do not use for cartographic materials.
$v Pictorial works (H 1935)
$v Poetry (H 1800)
$x Politics and government (H 1942)
$x Politics and government $y 16th century (H 1942)
$x Politics and government $y 17th century (H 1942)
$x Politics and government $y 18th century (H 1942)
$x Politics and government $y 19th century (H 1942)
$x Politics and government $y 20th century (H 1942)
$x Politics and government $y 21st century (H 1942)
$x Politics and government $y [period subdivision] $x Philosophy
$x Politics and government $x Philosophy
$x Population
$x Population $x Economic aspects
$x Population $x Environmental aspects
$x Population policy
$v Posters (H 1945.5)
$x Press coverage (May Subd Geog)
$v Quotations, maxims, etc. (H 1969)
$x Race relations (H 1845)
$x Race relations $x Economic aspects
$x Race relations $x Political aspects
$v Registers (H 1558)
$x Relations (May Subd Geog) (H 1996)
$x Relations $z Foreign countries (H 1996)
$v Relief models
$x Religion (H 1845; H 1997)
$x Religion $y 16th century (H 1997)
$x Religion $y 17th century (H 1997)
$x Religion $y 18th century (H 1997)
$x Religion $y 19th century (H 1997)
$x Religion $y 20th century (H 1997)
$x Religion $y 21st century (H 1997)
$x Religion $x Economic aspects
$x Religious life and customs (H 1845; H 2016)
$v Remote-sensing images
$v Remote-sensing maps
$x Research (May Subd Geog) (H 2020)
$x Rural conditions
Do not use under cities.
$x Scheduled tribes
Use only under India and names of states, regions, cities, etc., of India
$x Seal
$v Slides
$x Social conditions (H 1845; H 2055)
$x Social conditions $y 16th century (H 2055)
$x Social conditions $y 17th century (H 2055)
$x Social conditions $y 18th century (H 2055)
$x Social conditions $y 19th century (H 2055)
$x Social conditions $y 20th century (H 2055)
$x Social conditions $y 21st century (H 2055)
$x Social life and customs (H 1627; H 1845; H 2057)
$x Social life and customs $y 16th century (H 2057)
$x Social life and customs $y 17th century (H 2057)
$x Social life and customs $y 18th century (H 2057)
$x Social life and customs $y 19th century (H 2057)
$x Social life and customs $y 20th century (H 2057)
$x Social life and customs $y 21st century (H 2057)
$x Social policy
$v Songs and music (H 2075)
$x Songs and music $x History and criticism (H 2075)
$v Songs and music $v Texts (H 2190)
$x Statistical services (H 2095)
$x Statistical services $x Law and legislation (H 1705)
$v Statistics (H 2095)
$v Statistics, Medical (H 2095)
$v Statistics, Vital (H 2095)
$x Strategic aspects
$x Study and teaching (May Subd Geog) (H 2110)
Use for works on study and teaching about the place.
The free-floating subdivision –Study and teaching, qualified by level of study, for
example, –Study and teaching (Elementary); –Study and teaching (Secondary), may also
be used under places (cf. H 1095).
$x Study and teaching $x Law and legislation (May Subd Geog) (H 1705)
$v Surveys
$v Telephone directories (H 1558)
$v Telephone directories $v Yellow pages
$x Territorial expansion
Use only under countries and regions larger than countries.
$x Territories and possessions (H 2185)
Use only under countries and regions larger than countries.
[name of country]–Territories and possessions may also be used under topical
headings, for example, Taxation–United States–Territories and possessions.
$v Tours (H 1645)
$v Trials, litigation, etc. (H 2228)