22.1B Personal Name Heading Access Points in Name Authority and Bibliographic Records
These guidelines appear also in LCRI 1.0C
1) Initials/letters
a) Name portion of heading
Periods:
If the name of a person consists of or contains initials, input a period after an initial if it is certain that the letter is an initial. In case of doubt, do not input a period.
100 1# $aEliot, T. S.
100 0# $aH. D.
If the name consists of separate
letters that are presumed not to be initials, omit or include periods according
to the predominant usage of the person.
100 0# $aX
Y Z
Spaces:
If the name contains two or more
forenames represented by initials, consists entirely of initials, or consists
entirely of separate letters that are not initials, input a single space
between the initials/letters in all cases.
100 1# $aEliot, T. S.
100 0# $aH. D.
100 0# $aX
Y Z
b) "Additions" to name
headings
Periods:
With initials, include periods unless the author's predominant usage makes it clear that the author omits them.
Spaces:
Do not leave spaces between single
initials/letters.
100 1# $aBrown, G. B.,$cF.I.P.S.
Treat an abbreviation consisting
of more than a single letter as if it were a distinct word, separating it with
a space from preceding and succeeding words or initials/letters.
100 1# $aBrown,
G. B.,$cPh. D.
2) Names with portions abbreviated or missing.
If a part of a name is abbreviated (two or more letters present as opposed to a
single letter used as an initial) or if a forename is
missing from a name entered under
surname, do not leave open space after the abbreviation or missing forename.
Instead, insert, as appropriate,
a
period:
100 1# $aTissot
(Add period at end in
bibliographic record, but not in authority record)
100 1# $aCorpeleijn, W. F. Th.
100 1# $aJunager, Sv.-Aa.
(The hyphen reflects the usage
of the language of the name)
a
period and one space:
100 1# $aEnschedé, Ch. J.
a
period and a comma:
100 1# $aJones,
Th.,$d1910-
100 1# $aCalles
Ll., Alfonso
100 1# $aDahlan
Aman, Mohd.,$cHaji
(For these names, add period at
end in bibliographic record, but not in authority record)
3) Surnames alone including prefixes/particles.
If a name heading consisting entirely of one or more surnames also contains a
separately written prefix/particle, see instructions in LCRI 22.5D.
4) Bibliographic description. Note that the
spacing and punctuation conventions applied to personal names used in access
points differ from those used in the descriptive portion of a bibliographic
record; for the latter, see the section below: Other Parts of the
Bibliographic Record (General).
22.3. Choice Among Different Forms of the
Same Name
22.3A. Fullness
Variant
Forms Within One Item
If the
name of an author appears in two or more forms in one work, apply the
following:
1) If the name appears in two or more sources,
once in the chief source and one or more times in other sources, choose the
form appearing in the chief source.
title page: T.B. Smith
verso of t.p.: T. Basil Smith III
heading:
100 1# $a Smith, T. B. $q (T. Basil)
2) If the name does not appear in the chief
source but does appear once in another prominent source (cf. 0.8) and one or
more times in other sources, choose the form appearing in the prominent source.
verso of t.p.: R.J. Gottschall
page 239: Robert J. Gottschall
heading:
100 1# $a Gottschall, R. J. $q (Robert J.)
3) In all situations not covered by 1) or 2)
above, choose the fullest form of name.
verso of t.p.: Victoria Galofre Neuto
page 1 of cover: Victoria Galofre
heading:
100 1# $a
Note: Do not choose for the heading a form
appearing in the following sources if the name appears prominently elsewhere in
the item: 1) the copyright statement; 2) the colophon for items published in the
countries of the former
22.16D. Other persons of religious
vocation
Add a
title, term of address, etc., to persons of religious vocation entered under
given name, etc., only if the title, term of address, etc., appears with the
name in the chief sources of information in items by the person or in reference
sources if the person is not an author.
Ignore
Japanese titles of priests unless they are fixed as an integrated part of the
name.
22.17. Dates
Option
decision
Establishing
New Headings That Do Not Conflict
Apply the
optional provision. This means adding a
date whenever it is known.
Post
Nineteenth Century Persons
For
persons living in the twentieth or twenty first century or any person who has
died since Dec. 31, 1900, the date upon which the heading is based should be a
precise one. Specifically, add the date
to headings for these persons only if it falls into any of the following
categories:
1) The person is still living and the year of
birth is known ("1942- ").
2) The person is no longer living and the years
of birth and death are known ("1900-1981").
3) The person is no longer living (or there is
reasonable doubt that the person is living based on the average life span) and
only the year of birth is known ("b. 1900").
4) The person is no longer living and only the
date of death is known ("d. 1981").
Note: If a date is a specific non-Gregorian year,
add the Gregorian equivalent to the heading even if this means using a date in
the form "1921 or 2."
Pre-Twentieth
Century Persons
For
pre-twentieth century persons, less precise dates may be used. Consult the examples under 22.17A for
guidance. Note one detail about the use
of "flourished" dates:
"Flourished" dates acceptable for addition to headings for
pre-twentieth century persons normally express a span of years of
activity. A single year "fl."
may be used only in exceptional cases, as when a reference source itself
designates the date in this way or there is one publication or other event in
the person's life known to be the single or at least primary basis for a single
year.
***Optionally,
add death dates to headings that have open birth dates.***
22.17-22.20. Additions to Distinguish Identical
Names
If a
personal name heading conflicts with another heading, resolve the conflict as
follows, in this order of preference:
1) Add to the heading being established
a)
the full form of a name represented by an initial or abbreviation in the
form chosen for the heading if the full form is available in the item being
cataloged (22.18);
established heading:
new author: A. Jackson
(New author's full name, Arnold Elrod Jackson, is available)
heading for new author: Jackson, A. (Arnold)
b)
the date (22.17) other than a "flourished" or
"century" date; do not go beyond making a routine telephone call to a
place within the continental U.S. or searching the catalogers' reference
collection to determine the date;
established heading: Brue, James E.
new author: James E. Brue
(New author's birth date, 1942, is available)
heading for new author: Brue, James E.,
1942-
Note: If both the full form
represented by an initial and a date are available, add both.
c) a term of address, etc., that appears with the name in a
prominent source (cf. 0.8) in items by the person or with the name in headings
in reference sources (22.19B). (For
pre-20th century persons, see LCRI 22.19);
established heading: Brown, George
new author: George Brown
(New author's statement of responsibility: by the Rev. George Brown)
heading for new author: Brown, George,
Rev.
established heading: Webb, William
new author: William Webb
(New author's statement of responsibility: by William Webb of
heading for new author: Webb, William, of
Note: If either the full
form of the name represented in the heading by an initial or a date becomes
available later (or both become available), do not change the existing heading
just to replace the term of address, etc.
d) a forename or surname or the initials of a forename or
surname not represented by an initial in the form of name chosen for the
heading;
established heading: Clapper, John
new author: John Clapper
(New author's full name, John Samuel Clapper, is available)
heading for new author: Clapper, John (John Samuel)
established heading: Gelfund, David
new author: David Gelfund
(New author's full name, David A. Gelfund,
is available)
heading for new author: Gelfund, David
(David A.)
established heading: Smith, Elizabeth
new author: Elizabeth Smith
(New author's full name, Ann Elizabeth Smith, is available)
heading for new author: Smith, Elizabeth (Ann Elizabeth)
established heading: Oliver, Joan
new author: Joan Oliver
(New author's full name, Joan Oliver i Puigdomènech, is available)
heading for new author: Oliver, Joan (Oliver i
Puigdomènech)
established heading: Jones, Mrs.
new author: Mrs. Jones
(New author's forenames, Ella Gertrude, are available)
heading for new author: Jones, Mrs. (Ella Gertrude)
Note: If the full form of a
name represented in the heading by an initial or a date or a term of address,
etc., becomes available later, do not change the existing heading just to
replace the unused forename or unused surname.
e) a full forename when the forename chosen for the heading is
a nickname;
established heading: Jorgen, Dick
new author: Dick Jorgen
(New author's full name, Richard Clark Jorgen, is available)
heading for new author: Jorgen, Dick (Richard Clark)
Note: If the full form of
name represented in the heading by an initial or a date or a term of address,
etc., becomes available, do not change the existing heading just to replace the
unused full forename.
f) a "flourished" date (22.17);
Note: 1) Do not add "flourished"
dates to headings for persons living in the twentieth century even if the
heading conflicts. 2) "Flourished" dates acceptable for
addition to headings normally express a span of years of activity. A single year after "fl." may be
used only in exceptional cases, as when a reference source itself designates
the date in this way or there is one publication or other event in the person's
life known to be the single or at least primary basis for a single year.
g) a century date (22.17).
Note: Do not add a "century" date to
persons living in the twentieth century even if the heading conflict
2) Change the established heading according to
the order of preference given in 1) above.
3) Apply 22.20.
Note: If the full form of a name represented by an
initial in the heading or a date or a term of address, etc., becomes available
later for one of these names, establish this name separately. (Do not establish one of these names
separately if only an unused forename or unused forename initial or unused
surname or unused full forename becomes available later.)
22.18. Fuller Forms
22.18A.
For names
that conflict, see 22.17-22.20.
For
references, apply the provisions of LCRI 26.
Apply the
optional provision. This means adding
within parentheses the full form of an initial or abbreviation used in the
heading when the full form is known with certainty. (In some cases of doubt, do not add the full
form.) Do not search solely to discover
this information if there is no conflict.
When
adding the full form, observe the following guidelines:
1) If the initial occurs in the forename portion
of the surname-forename heading, give in the parenthetical addition not only
the full form but also the other forenames that appear in the forename portion
of the heading. However, do not include
a particle or prefix that appears in the forename portion. Place the parenthetical addition directly
after the forename portion and before any other addition (e.g., date, title).
100 1# $a Flam, F. A. $q (Floyd A.)
100 1# $a Smith, T. B. $q (T. Basil)
100 1# $a Wright, G. H. von $q (George Henrik),
$d 1916-
100 1# $a Beruete y Moret,
A. de $q (Aureliano), $d 1876-1922
100 1# $a Jaina,
Pra. $q (Prākaśa)
("Pra." is the systematically romanized form of a single nonroman
initial)
100 1# $a Smith, Arthur D. $q (Arthur Dwight), $d 1907-
100 1# $a Bvindi, Francis A. A. L. $q.
(Francis A. A. Lovemore), $d 1955-
2) If the initial occurs in the name entered as
a given name, etc., give in the parenthetical addition all the names that
appear in the heading. Place the
parenthetical addition directly after the given name and before any other
addition (e.g., date, title).
100 1# $a A. Samad
Said $q (Abdul Samad Said), $d 1935-
100 1# $a M. Alicia $q (Mary
Alicia), $c Sister, S.C.N.
3) For names that are represented in the heading
by an abbreviation rather than an initial (cf. LCRI 22.1B), give in the
parenthetical addition the full name for the particular person.
100 1# $a Brownridge, Wm. $q (William)
100 1# $a Fdez.-Rivera García, Manuel $q (Fernández-Rivera
García)
Exceptions
1) Do not apply 22.18A to a name in which the
letters of the forename initials used in the heading differ from the letters
used in the full forename.
100 1# $a Reḍḍi,
Vai. Si. Vi., $d 1926-
not
100 1# $a Reḍḍi,
Vai. Si. Vi. $q (Emmanuru
Cinna Venkata), $d 1926-
100 1# $a Jaina,
Pi.
not
100 1# $a Jaina,
Pi. $q (Prākaśa)
100 1# $a Ajgaonkar,
G. F.
not
100 1# $a Ajgaonkar, G. F. $q (Gundu Phatu)
2) Do not apply 22.18A to a heading for a
married woman that consists of her husband's surname and initial(s).
100 1# $a Renfro, Roy E., $c Mrs.
400 1# $a Renfro, Helen Kay
not
100 1# $a Renfro, Roy E. $q (Roy
Edward), $c Mrs.
22.19. Distinguishing Terms
Term of
Address, Etc., for Pre-20th Century Persons
For
persons who lived before, or primarily before, 1901 and whose headings
conflict, in the absence of firm dates resolve the conflict with one of the
following additions:
1) a
term of address
2) a
descriptive phrase
3) "flourished"
date(s) (cf. LCRI 22.17-22.20)
4) "century"
date(s) (cf. LCRI 22.17-22.20)
Descriptive
phrases may include titles of position or office, initials of an academic
degree, and initials denoting membership in an organization, as well as more
general phrases describing the person.
In
general, prefer terms of address over descriptive phrases, descriptive phrases
over "flourished" date(s), "flourished" date(s) over
"century" date(s). (BL
practice: The British Library will
generally use "flourished" or "century" dates in preference
to terms of address; do not change such headings to conform to LC
practice.) Also, prefer terms of address
and descriptive phrases appearing with the name on the chief source of
information of the item being cataloged over terms of address and descriptive
phrases found elsewhere in the item, and prefer terms of address and
descriptive phrases found in the item over those found in reference sources.
When a
descriptive phrase is long or complex and would result in an awkward addition
to the heading, prefer the "flourished" or "century"
date(s).
In
general, when choosing terms of address or descriptive phrases to resolve
conflicts, use the one that provides the most specific and distinctive
identification of the person.
Make the
additions to names in which the entry element is a given name, etc. (22.19A),
or a surname (22.19B).
When
making the addition to a given name, etc., add the term of address or
descriptive phrase within parentheses.
When making the addition to a surname, use a comma to separate the name
and the term of address or descriptive phrase.
t.p.:
a merchant of
signed on p. 7: T.H.
heading:
100 0# $a T. H. $c (Merchant of
York)
t.p.:
T.L., a person of quality
heading:
100 0# $a T. L. $c (Person of
quality)
t.p.:
Will Dyer
on p. 12: wool merchant
heading:
100 0# $a Dyer, Will, $c wool merchant
t.p.:
William Jones
British Library General Catalogue of Printed Books to 1975: Jones (William) of
heading:
100 0# $a Jones, William, $c of
t.p.: Jean Wallace, eldest daughter of
the said Alexander Wallace
heading:
100 0# $a Wallace, Jean, $d 18th
cent.
Not:
100 0# $a Wallace, Jean, $c eldest daughter of the
said Alexander Wallace
Musicians
When no
other means is available for distinguishing between a musician and another
person with the same name for whom a heading is already established (including
changing the existing heading), a word designating a musician's occupation,
such as "violinist," "keyboard player," or
"soprano," may be used as a qualifier. The term used should be in English and in the
form of an agent noun, e.g., "oboist" for one listed as playing the
oboe.
Change a
currently undifferentiated heading to one with such a qualifier when it is
being used on a new bibliographic record.
If a qualifier later appears to give a seriously inaccurate
characterization of the musician, change the heading by 1) the addition of a
date, 2) the addition of a fuller form of name, or 3) changing the qualifier.
Biblical
Figures
When the
heading for a mortal mentioned in the Bible conflicts, and the conflict cannot
be resolved by the addition of another qualifier (e.g., 22.8A1, 22.13A), add in
parentheses the term "Biblical" plus the designation of the major
Biblical category that fits the person (e.g., "(Biblical prophet),"
"(Biblical patriarch)." If the
person does not fit one of the major Biblical categories, use "(Biblical
figure)."
Library of
Congress Rule Interpretations
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(c)2004 by the Library of Congress except within the