Unified Kingdoms

 

I.  Overview

         A.  Political Unification

                  1.  Tahiti -- Pomare II (1815)

                  2.  Hawaii -- Kamehameha I (1810)

                  3.  Tonga -- TaufaĠahau (1845)

         B.  Adopting Western Ways

                  1.  Christianity

                  2.  Laws & Constitutions

                  3.  International recognition

II.  Tahiti

         A.  Pomares

                  1.  Pomare II (r. 1815-1821)

                           a) cult of Oro (maro & marae)

                           b) Matavai Bay

                           c) defeat & retreat (1808)

                                    --> Christian conversion (1812)

                           d) Battle of Feipi (1815)

                                    -- restraint in victory

                  2.  Pomare IV (r. 1827-1877) -- queen ÔAimata

         B.  Political structure

                  1.  Laws (1819)

                  2.  Constitution (1824)

         C.  Missionary influence

                  1.  Henry Nott

                  2.  George Pritchard

         D.  French Protectorate (1842)

III. Hawaii

         A. Kamehameha I (r. 1810-1819)

                  1. Kukailimoku & PuĠukohola

                  2. Kealakekua Bay

                  3. Battle of NuĠuanu (1795)

         B. Diarchy = kuhina nui & king

                  1. KaĠahumanu I (r. 1819-1832)

                           a) KauaĠi Rebellion (1824)

                           b) baptized (1825)

                  2. Kamehameha III (r. 1825-1854)

                           -- ÒrebellionÓ (1833-1834)

         C. Political structure

                  1. Laws (1824, 1827)

                  2. Constitution (1840)

                  3. Great Mahele (1848)

         D. Missionary influence --> international recognition (1843)

                  1. William Richards

                  2. Gerritt Judd

         E. American Territory (1898)

IV. Tonga

         A. Rise of TaufaĠahau (r. 1845-1893)

                  1. three titles (by 18th c.)

                           a) TuĠi Tonga = sacred monarch

                           b) TuĠi HaĠatakalaua (or ÒhauÓ) = civil matters

                           c) TuĠi Kanokupolu = actual power

                  2. struggle for power (1797-1820)

                           --> Òa collection of independent tribesÓ

                  3. TuĠi Kanokupolu

                           a) AleamotuĠa on Tongatapu (1827)

                                    -- baptized (1830)

                           b) his nephew = TaufaĠahau

                                    -- controlled HaĠapai (1820) & VavaĠu (1833)

                  4. TaufaĠahau (a.k.a. King George Tupou I )

                           a) baptized (1831)

                           b) Òholy warÓ on Tongatapu (1840)

                           c) becomes TuĠi Kanokupolu (1845)

                           d) refuses to let his sister marry TuĠi Tonga

         B. Political structure

                  1. Law codes

                           a) 1839 = Òmorality lawsÓ

                           b) 1850 = Òking remained supremeÓ

                           c) 1862 = taxes & land distribution

                  2. Constitution of 1875 --> international recognition

         C. Missionary influence

                  1. Pita Vi

                  2. Shirley Baker

         D. British Protectorate (1900)

 

 

 

Think/Write Question

Do you think converting to Christianity and Western political structures helped to strengthen the kingdoms of Tahiti, Hawaii, and Tonga?