Unified Kingdoms
I. Overview
A. Political Unification
1. Tahiti -- Pomare II (1815)
2. Hawaii -- Kamehameha I (1810)
3. Tonga -- TaufaĠahau (1845)
B. Adopting Western Ways
1. Christianity
2. Laws & Constitutions
3.
International recognition
II. Tahiti
A. Pomares
1. Pomare II (r. 1815-1821)
a)
cult of Oro (maro & marae)
b)
Matavai Bay
c)
defeat & retreat (1808)
-->
Christian conversion (1812)
d)
Battle of Feipi (1815)
--
restraint in victory
2. Pomare IV (r. 1827-1877) -- queen
ÔAimata
B. Political structure
1. Laws (1819)
2. Constitution (1824)
C. Missionary influence
1. Henry Nott
2. George Pritchard
D. French Protectorate (1842)
III. Hawaii
A.
Kamehameha I (r. 1810-1819)
1.
Kukailimoku & PuĠukohola
2.
Kealakekua Bay
3.
Battle of NuĠuanu (1795)
B.
Diarchy = kuhina nui & king
1.
KaĠahumanu I (r. 1819-1832)
a)
KauaĠi Rebellion (1824)
b)
baptized (1825)
2.
Kamehameha III (r. 1825-1854)
--
ÒrebellionÓ (1833-1834)
C.
Political structure
1.
Laws (1824, 1827)
2.
Constitution (1840)
3.
Great Mahele (1848)
D.
Missionary influence --> international recognition (1843)
1.
William Richards
2.
Gerritt Judd
E.
American Territory (1898)
IV. Tonga
A.
Rise of TaufaĠahau (r. 1845-1893)
1.
three titles (by 18th c.)
a)
TuĠi Tonga = sacred monarch
b)
TuĠi HaĠatakalaua (or ÒhauÓ) = civil matters
c)
TuĠi Kanokupolu = actual power
2.
struggle for power (1797-1820)
-->
Òa collection of independent tribesÓ
3.
TuĠi Kanokupolu
a)
AleamotuĠa on Tongatapu (1827)
--
baptized (1830)
b)
his nephew = TaufaĠahau
--
controlled HaĠapai (1820) & VavaĠu (1833)
4.
TaufaĠahau (a.k.a. King George Tupou I )
a)
baptized (1831)
b)
Òholy warÓ on Tongatapu (1840)
c)
becomes TuĠi Kanokupolu (1845)
d)
refuses to let his sister marry TuĠi Tonga
B.
Political structure
1.
Law codes
a)
1839 = Òmorality lawsÓ
b)
1850 = Òking remained supremeÓ
c)
1862 = taxes & land distribution
2.
Constitution of 1875 --> international recognition
C.
Missionary influence
1.
Pita Vi
2.
Shirley Baker
D.
British Protectorate (1900)
Think/Write
Question
Do you think
converting to Christianity and Western political structures helped to
strengthen the kingdoms of Tahiti, Hawaii, and Tonga?