Toward Self-Rule in India
 (1914-47)
 
I.  Promises & Repression
  	A.  Indians served during WWI
  	B.  Government of India Act (1919) --> dyarchy
   		1.  Indians -- agriculture, health, education
   		2.  British -- taxes, police, courts
  	C.  Rowlatt Acts (1919)
  	D.  Amritsar Massacre (1919)
II.  Mohandas Gandhi (1869-1948)
  	A.  studied law in Britain
  	B.  South Africa (1893-1914)
   		1.  experienced racial injustice
   		2.  Indian clients = former indentured laborers
   		3.  satyagraha = “truth force”
  	C.  returns to India in 1915
   		1.  Mahatma = “Great Soul”
   		2.  leads Indian National Congress (1920s)
    			a) cultivated alliances with leaders
    			b) identified with the multitudes
  	D.  three massive campaigns
   		1.  non-cooperation (1920-22)
   		2.  salt march (1930-32)
   		3.  “Quit India” (1942)
  	E.  domestic programs
   		1.  abolition of untouchability
   		2.  cultural policies
   		3.  prohibition
   		4.  appropriate technology
   		5.  Hindu-Muslim unity
III.  Independence (1947)
  	A.  realpolitik
  	B.  partition
   		1.  India (Hindu)
   		2.  Pakistan (Muslim)  
  	C.  mass migration (12 million)
  	D.  Kashmir & Bangladesh
 
 
Think/Write
What do you think of Gandhi’s non-violent methods?  “Wherein is courage required 
-- in blowing others to pieces from behind a cannon, or with a smiling face to approach 
a cannon and be blown to pieces?”