INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
I. Overview
A. What was it?
B. Whats the significance?
II. Britain (1740-1860)
A. Why did it begin in Britain?
1. good government
2. effective institutions
3. agricultural revolution (enclosures in 1700s)
a) from open-field to crop rotation
-- more food --> population growth
b) landless wage-earning class
B. Cotton textile industry
1. putting-out system
a) weavers
b) spinners
c) power = humans
2. new machinery
a) flying shuttle (1733)
b) spinning jenny (1764)
c) power = water (1770s) & steam (1780s)
3. British cotton textiles (by 1820)
a) quantity & quality
b) riots (1791, 1810-20)
c) Indian cotton
d) U.S. cotton gin (1793) & slavery
C. Coal: A new energy source
1. iron industry (1775, 1780s)
2. steam engine (1763, 1785)
3. railroad industry (1829, 1840s)
4. steamships (1838)
III. The Second Stage (1860-1914)
A. Technological advances
1. steel (1856)
2. chemical (after 1870s)
3. electric (1870s)
B. Organizational breakthroughs
1. factory production
2. global investments
C. Warfare
Think/Write
What inventions do you think were the most important & why?