I. Who & Where?
A. Colonizers = Europe, U.S.A., Japan
B. Colonized = Asia, Africa, Pacific
II. Why & How?
A. Expansion
1. industrialized nations
2. world market
3. conquering distances
a) railroads & steamships
b) canals = Suez (1869) & Panama (1914)
c) technology (i.e. telegraph & refrigeration)
4. economic dominance
a) Indonesia (Netherlands)
-- Java War (1825-30)
b) China (Britain)
-- Opium Wars (1839-42, 1856-60)
B. Competition
1. economic
a) Egypt in 1882 (British vs. French)
b) South Africa (British vs. Dutch)
-- Boer War (1899-1902)
2. diplomatic
a) national security
-- Pacific (U.S.A., 1898-99)
b) international prestige
-- Pacific (Germany, 1880s)
-- scramble for Africa (1880-1900)
C. Justification
1. special-interest groups
a) Indo-China (France, 1859-93)
b) Hawaii (U.S.A., 1898)
2. social Darwinism
-- Sudan (Britain, 1898)
3. The White Mans Burden
a) India (Britain, 1857)
b) Philippines (U.S.A., 1899)
III. What difference does it make?
A. Contradiction (self-rule & foreign rule)
B. Modernizers & Traditionalists
Think/Write
Do you think imperialism was good or bad for the people who were colonized?