DEMOGRAPHY & MIGRATION
 
I.  Demography  
  	A.  How do we know?
   		1.  demographic historians
   		2.  computers 
  	B.  What do we know?
   		1.  nomadic peoples
   		2.  expansion of Europe
    			a) where?
    			b) death of natives 
    			c) importation of slaves
   		3.  movement from rural to urban
  	C.  What difference does it make?
			1.  understanding the masses
   		2.  global transformations
 II.  Asian Migrations (1300-1750)
  	A.  Ottoman Empire 
   		1.  Turkish invaders:  gazis, Sufis, janissaries
   		2.  conquered Constantinople (1453)
    			-- immigrant scholars
   		3.  Suleiman I “the Magnificent” (r. 1520-66)
    			a) Kanuni ("Lawgiver')
    			b) grandeur of his court
  	B.  Mughal Empire
   		1.  Khyber Pass:  route of invaders
   		2.  capital cities:  Agra, Fatehpur Sikri, Lahore, Delhi
    			-- immigrant residents
   		3.  Akbar (r. 1556-1605)
    			a) conquest & conciliation
    			b) syncretism
     				-- Urdu (camp) language
     				-- Din-i-Ilahi (“Divine Faith”)   
  	C.  Safavid Persia
   		1.  invaders:  agricultural to pastoral
   		2.  Shah Abbas (r. 1588-1629)
    			a) built military
    			b) encouraged trade
     				-- Isfahan
     				-- carpets & porcelains  
  	D.  China
   		1.  foreign dynasties
    			a) Mongol’s Yuan (1271-1368)
    			b) Manchu’s Qing (1644-1911)
   		2.  New World crops --> population growth
 III.  Expansion of Europe (after 1500)
  	A.  North America
   		1.  Jamestown, Virginia (1607)
   		2.  seeking religious haven
    			a) Pilgrims (1620)
    			b) Puritans (1630)
    			c) Quakers (1681) 
  	B.  Australia 
   		1.  explorers
    			a) Abel Tasman (1642-44)
    			b) James Cook (1768-71)
   		2.  penal colony (1788)
   		3.  gold rush (1850s & 1890s)
  	C.  New Zealand
   		1.  first missionaries (1814)
   		2.  Treaty of Waitangi (1840)
  	D.  South Africa
   		1.  Dutch East India Company (1652)
   		2.  British took control (1795)
   		3.  British colonists arrived (1820)
 IV.  Slavery:  Enforced Migration
		A.  Philip Curtin’s The African Slave Trade:  A Census (1969)
   		1.  How many?
   		2.  Where from?  
   		3.  Where to?
  	B.  Human cargo:  conditions of trade
  	C.  Reinterpreting the slave trade  
   		1.  African & European traders
   		2.  Atlantic exchange 
    			-- new crops --> increased population
 
 
 Think/Write Questions
 How do you think migrations have shaped our modern world?
 
 Do you think demographic studies help or hinder our understanding of the inhumanity of slavery?