MICRO 130 STUDY GUIDE
SAMPLE FIRST EXAM This should give you a pretty good idea of the
types of questions I like to pose. Hopefully you will discuss and
analyze them with other students in the class. If you're really stuck
in trying to come up with an answer, call me (734-9123) or e-mail me
(johnb@hawaii.edu)
and I will get back to you.
Some questions refer to figures which unfortunately haven't been
placed into this document yet. In most cases I believe that the
context of the question will inform you about the facts and ideas you
could be tested on. If you do want to see the figure, the exam on
reserve in the library has the diagrams - but the questions are not
in the same order as they are here.
MICROBIOLOGY 130
NAME _________________________________________
FIRST MIDTERM - SEPTEMBER 28, 1994
1. First to observe microorganisms with a microscope.
- A. de Veuster
- B. Leeuwenhoek
- C. Pasteur
- D. Koch
- E. None of the above
2. Which of the following is mismatched?
- A. Bacteria -- chromosome and plasmids.
- B. Fungi -- yeasts and molds.
- C. Protozoans -- flagella and cilia.
- D. Viruses -- capsid and envelope.
- E. Animal cells -- chloroplasts.
3. If you are studying mycology you would be studying:
- A. mycoplasma
- B. yeasts
- C. mycobacteria
- D. amebas like pelomyxa
- E. parasitic worms
4. Which disease is believed to have helped Cortez conquer the
Aztecs?
- A. smallpox
- B. cholera
- C. syphilis
- D. tuberculosis
- E. influenza
5. Escherichia coli O157:H7
- A. A dangerous organism sometimes found in hamburger meat
- B. Sometimes called the "Jack in the Box" E. coli
- C. Related to organisms normally found in the intestines of
cows
- D. All of the above
- E. B and C but not A
6. All bacteria:
- A. have a cell wall
- B. have a cell membrane
- C. form spores
- D. have flagella
- E. form capsules
7. Membrane-enclosed spheres in phagocytic cells that contain
powerful digestive enzymes.
- A. Plasmids
- B. Zymogen
- C. Ribosomes
- D. Lysosomes
- E. Nucleoplasm
8. Integral membrane proteins are synthesized at this place
- A. Phospholipid bilayer
- B. Transverse septum
- C. Golgi apparatus
- D. Cytoplasmic ribosomes
- E. Rough endoplasmic reticulum
9. Which of the following best describes what happens when a
gram-positive cell is treated with lysozyme and then placed in a very
strong salt solution?
- A. No change will result; the solution is isotonic.
- B. Salt will move into the cell.
- C. Water will move out of the cell.
- D. No change will result, the cell wall will protect the cell.
- E. None of the above
10. Which of the following is mismatched?
- A. Fimbriae --- conjugation
- B. Flagellum --- motility
- C. Plasmid --- antibiotic resistance information
- D. Cell wall --- active transport
- E. Membrane outside of the cell wall --- endotoxin
11. A eucaryotic cell, like an amoeba or a white blood cell, can
ingest a procaryotic cell by
- A. endocytosis
- B. exocytosis
- C. basal body mediated ciliary activity
- D. both A and C
- E. active transport
12. Which of the following is a property of both facilitated
diffusion and simple diffusion?
- A. Both move molecules from a higher to a lower
- concentration.
- B. Both require electrons as energy
- C. Both require ATP
- D. Both have specific receptors needed for active transport
- E. None of the above
13. Which of the following is mismatched?
- A. chloroplasts --- contain DNA
- B. golgi complex --- centromeres and basal bodies
- C. actin and myosin --- part of the cytoskeleton
- D. endoplasmic reticulum --- synthesis of membrane
- E. mitochondria --- contains ribosomes
14. The general name for a rod shaped bacterium is
- A. Spirochete
- B. Bacillus
- C. Spirillum
- D. Vibrio
- E. Streptococcus
15. An organism is unicellular, prokaryotic, not photosynthetic,
and capable of movement with flagella. This organism is most likely
classified as a:
- A. cyanobacteria
- B. protozoa
- C. virus
- D. bacteria
- E. algae
16. The type of bonds holding hydrogen and oxygen atoms together
within a molecule of water
- A. hydrogen bonds
- B. ionic bonds
- C. covalent bonds
- D. hydophobic bonds
- E. van der Waals forces
17. Escherichia coli was fed with radioactive uracil. After 24
hours incubation, what part of the cell would be radioactive?
- A. cytoplasmic membrane
- B. golgi
- C. ribosomes
- D. DNA
- E. cell wall
18. An E.coli culture that has been growing at 37 C is shifted to
25 C. How could E.coli change its plasma membrane to keep it fluid?
- A. Lower the number of phosphate groups
- B. Put more hydrogens on the phospholipids
- C. Increase the unsaturated fatty acids in the diglycerides
- D. Remove some of the integral membrane proteins
- E. add cholesterol and other steroids
19. The smallest part of an element which has all of the
properties of that element
- A. molecule
- B. neutron
- C. atom
- D. electron
- E. none of the above
20. The atomic number of copper (Cu) is 29. How many electrons are
found in the cuprous ion, Cu (+1) ?
- A. 29
- B. 24
- C. 23
- D. 28
- E. 30
21. The main reason why ice floats on water is because
- A. ice is more dense than water
- B. ice has high heat of vaporization
- C. water is a good temperature buffer
- D. ice expands at freezing
- E. water has adhesiveness
22. You are observing a cell through the microscope and note that
it has a large nucleus. Which of the following is probably false?
- A. This cell derives its energy from mitochondria
- B. This cell contains a golgi
- C. This cell will have some contractile motion
- D. This cell contains microtubules
- E. This cell has a peptidoglycan cell wall
23. An agent that reproduces in cells but is not a cell and
contains only DNA and a few proteins
- A. bacteria
- B. algae
- C. protozoa
- D. fungus
- E. virus
24. Actin and myosin
- A. are found in muscle cells
- B. form part of the cytoskeleton of eucaryotic cells
- C. allow amebas to move toward particles and phagocytose them
- D. all of the above
- E. A and B but not C
25. We discussed this model of a nucleotide in class:
Which of the following statements is false about this molecule?
- A. Position (F) forms noncovalent, reversible bonds with other
purines and
- pyrimidines
- B. ATP would have 3 phosphates at position (P)
- C. The 3' end of (B) will form a covalent bond with a
phosphate of the
- next nucleotide
- D. The bond between (B) and (P) is covalent
- E. cAMP would have a thymine at position (F)
- twice - at 5' and 3'.
26. Which of the following is not a carbohydrate?
- A. glucose
- B. starch
- C. polysaccharide
- D. sucrose
- E. collagen
27. The term "acid-fast" relates to which of the following:
- A. Mycoplasma and other bacteria without cell walls
- B. Endotoxin
- C. Leprosy
- D. A and B only
- E. A,B and C
28. A urine specimen has a pH of 7.0, this urine is
- A. acidic, with a high concentration of H ions
- B. is contaminated with microbes from a bladder infection
- C. multivalent, with a low concentration of hydroxyl ions
- D. basic, with a low concentration of hydroxyl ions
- E. None of the above
29. Where do amino acids polymerize and become long polypeptides?
- A. nucleus
- B. golgi complex
- C. ribosome
- D. mitochondrion
- E. centriole
30. Which of these five answers has nothing to do with centrioles
- A. active during eukaryotic cell division
- B. microtubules
- C. often have antibiotic resistance genes
- D. may have arisen from endosymbiosis
- E. related to flagella and cilia
31. A species of round-shaped bacteria with thick cell walls
containing teichoic acid
- A. probably is gram negative
- B. should have large ribosomes
- C. could be a staphylococcus
- D. has a smooth endoplasmic reticulum
- E. may be a yeast
32. Which of the following is false about glucose
- A. it is a starch subunit
- B. it is a cellulose subunit
- C. it can form a structural polymer in plants which we
sometimes call
- fiber
- D. it is a carbohydrate
- E. it is saturated
33. Which statement is false about this molecule?
- A. this is a phospholipid
- B. these fatty acids are unsaturated
- C. oils made with this molecule would probably be liquid
- D. membranes are made of these compounds
- E. the long chains with the double bonds are hydrophilic
34. If sodium (Na) is gently placed into a glass of water (H2O) a
rapid reaction occurs which generates heat, sodium hydroxide (NaOH)
and hydrogen gas (H2). Which of the following statements is false?
- A. this is a spontaneous reaction
- B. this reaction does not need activation energy
- C. this reaction is releasing energy
- D. this reaction is being catalyzed by an enzyme
- E. NaOH and H2 should have more energy than Na and H2O
35. Which of the following is not a spore forming bacteria?
- A. the organism that causes tuberculosis
- B. the organism that causes botulism
- C. the organism that causes anthrax
- D. the organsim that causes tetanus
- E. Clostridium species
36. HeLa cells
- A. were derived from a cancer patient back in the 1950's.
- B. are immortal human cells (as long as you keep feeding
them).
- C. are procaryotic cells with cell walls.
- D. would have an endop[lasmic reticulum.
- E. all of the above except c.
37. The disease that arose in Asia and then spread to kill off
about 1/4 to 1/3 of human population in Europe between the years
1346-1350
- A. syphilis
- B. measles
- C. plague
- D. smallpox
- E. none of the above
38. Some positive effects of the great European plague epidemic
included
- A. Almost all sinners were eliminated.
- B. The practice of medicine became more enlightened as many
old
- doctors died and room was created for new people and new
ideas.
- C. Agricultural prices dropped and laborers became better paid
and
- therefore many survivors were better off after the epidemic
than
- they were before.
- D. none of the above.
- E. both B and C.
39. which of the following is not an antibody
- A. antitoxin
- B. gamma globulin
- C. precipitin and agglutinin
- D. antiserum
- E. antibiotic
40. This molecule could be
- A. a carbohydrate
- B. a polypeptide
- C. a triglyceride
- D. a nucleic acid
- E. a steroid
41. This functional group is called
- A. an amino group
- B. a hydroxyl group
- C. a phospholipid group
- D. a carboxyl group
- E. none of the above
42. Proteins
- A. are polymers of amino acids
- B. are also known as polypeptides
- C. have a fixed or rigid shape which doesn't change
- D. both A and B
- E. A, B and C
43. Within a three day period at a large hospital five
hemodialysis patients developed high fever, very low blood pressure
and shock. Bacterial cultures showed that each of the patients was
infected with a different species of gram negative bacteria and that
the infections were not related. How could all five patients have the
same symptoms.
- A. Fever and shock are symptoms of most bacterial infections
- B. In blood infections the blood pressure drops because the
active
- transport system of the bacteria works against the heart.
- C. These symptoms are common in hemodialysis because the
- isotonic dialysis fluids cause the patient's red blood cells
to
- undergo osmotic lysis.
- D. All of these bacteria have an outer membrane with
- lipopolysaccharide
- E. It is impossible to know why all five patients developed
these
- symptoms.
44. Which of the following was not present in the atmosphere of
the early Earth?
- A. Ammonia
- B. Hydrogen
- C. Methane
- D. Water vapor
- E. Oxygen
45. What is false about the outer membrane which contains LPS?
- A. It is found in gram positive bacteria
- B. It is also known as endotoxin
- C. It can form a barrier to antibiotics
- D. It can provoke a strong fever response in animals
- E. It is found outside of the peptidoglycan layer but below
the
- capsule
46. The genome of a bacteria like Escherichia coli:
- A. Is the chromosome of E. coli
- B. Includes any plasmids that E. coli may have
- C. All of the genetic information needed to make an E. coli
cell
- D. All of the above
- E. A and C but not B
47. Hydrogen has three isotopes with mass numbers of 1, 2 and 3.
Which of the following is false about any of these isotopes?
- A. All these isotopes would have the same atomic number.
- B. If neutral, atoms of each isotope would each have one
electron.
- C. The isotope with a mass of 3 would have 1 proton and 2
neutrons.
- D. The isotope with a mass of 2 would have 2 protons.
- E. The isotope with a mass of 1 would have no neutrons.
48. The bacterium Klebsiella pneumoniae was fed with radioactive
fatty acids. After 24 hours incubation, what part of the cell would
be radioactive?
- A. cytoplasmic membrane
- B. golgi
- C. ribosomes
- D. DNA
- E. cell wall
49. In cellular metabolism, energy can be added to a reaction in
any of the following forms except:
- A. ATP
- B. electrons and H+
- C. photons
- D. H20
- E. Guanine triphosphate
50. What is false about unstable or reactive intermediates in
metabolic reactions
- A. a reactive intermediate is a bent or distorted substrate
molecule
- which becomes highly reactive
- B. enzymes cause reactive intermediates to form within the
enzyme
- binding site
- C. the creation of reactive intermediates lowers the energy of
- activation required for metabolic reactions
- D. the example of this which was used in class related to the
- breakdown of sucrose
- E. a reactive intermediate is the point at which the enzyme
becomes
- denatured.
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